Chemicals

Showing 33451–33600 of 41137 results

  • Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy.{21810} Purvalanol B is a CDK inhibitor that most potently inhibits Cdk2/cyclin A, Cdk2/cyclin E, Cdk5/p35, and Cdk2/cyclin B (IC50s = 6, 9, 6, and 6 nM, respectively).{6960} It is inactive against Cdk4/cyclin D1 as well as several other protein kinases. Purvalanol B is a 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine that, at micromolar doses, inhibits the growth of parasites, including Plasmodium.{30689,30688}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy.{21810} Purvalanol B is a CDK inhibitor that most potently inhibits Cdk2/cyclin A, Cdk2/cyclin E, Cdk5/p35, and Cdk2/cyclin B (IC50s = 6, 9, 6, and 6 nM, respectively).{6960} It is inactive against Cdk4/cyclin D1 as well as several other protein kinases. Purvalanol B is a 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine that, at micromolar doses, inhibits the growth of parasites, including Plasmodium.{30689,30688}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy.{21810} Purvalanol B is a CDK inhibitor that most potently inhibits Cdk2/cyclin A, Cdk2/cyclin E, Cdk5/p35, and Cdk2/cyclin B (IC50s = 6, 9, 6, and 6 nM, respectively).{6960} It is inactive against Cdk4/cyclin D1 as well as several other protein kinases. Purvalanol B is a 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine that, at micromolar doses, inhibits the growth of parasites, including Plasmodium.{30689,30688}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PX 12 is a competitive, irreversible inhibitor of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1), acting by binding to Cys73 of this enzyme.{22315} As Trx1 is overexpressed in certain cancers, PX 12 is effective in suppressing the growth of cancer cells, with growth inhibition in a panel of 60 human tumors significantly correlated with expression of Trx1 mRNA.{22325,22314} Through its effects on Trx1, PX 12 reduces hypoxia-induced HIF-1α protein levels (IC50 = 7.2 μM), as well as expression of VEGF (IC50 = 10.4 μM) and iNOS (IC50 = 18.1 μM), culminating in attenuation of the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 1.9 μM) and HT-29 cells (IC50 = 2.9 μM) as well as reduced microvessel density in MCF-7 tumor xenografts.{22317} PX 12 also blocks Trx-mediated activation of extracellular transglutaminase 2 (IC50 = ~3 μM) and Trx-1-increased expression and translation of CYP1B1.{22313,22312}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PX 12 is a competitive, irreversible inhibitor of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1), acting by binding to Cys73 of this enzyme.{22315} As Trx1 is overexpressed in certain cancers, PX 12 is effective in suppressing the growth of cancer cells, with growth inhibition in a panel of 60 human tumors significantly correlated with expression of Trx1 mRNA.{22325,22314} Through its effects on Trx1, PX 12 reduces hypoxia-induced HIF-1α protein levels (IC50 = 7.2 μM), as well as expression of VEGF (IC50 = 10.4 μM) and iNOS (IC50 = 18.1 μM), culminating in attenuation of the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 1.9 μM) and HT-29 cells (IC50 = 2.9 μM) as well as reduced microvessel density in MCF-7 tumor xenografts.{22317} PX 12 also blocks Trx-mediated activation of extracellular transglutaminase 2 (IC50 = ~3 μM) and Trx-1-increased expression and translation of CYP1B1.{22313,22312}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PX 12 is a competitive, irreversible inhibitor of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1), acting by binding to Cys73 of this enzyme.{22315} As Trx1 is overexpressed in certain cancers, PX 12 is effective in suppressing the growth of cancer cells, with growth inhibition in a panel of 60 human tumors significantly correlated with expression of Trx1 mRNA.{22325,22314} Through its effects on Trx1, PX 12 reduces hypoxia-induced HIF-1α protein levels (IC50 = 7.2 μM), as well as expression of VEGF (IC50 = 10.4 μM) and iNOS (IC50 = 18.1 μM), culminating in attenuation of the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 1.9 μM) and HT-29 cells (IC50 = 2.9 μM) as well as reduced microvessel density in MCF-7 tumor xenografts.{22317} PX 12 also blocks Trx-mediated activation of extracellular transglutaminase 2 (IC50 = ~3 μM) and Trx-1-increased expression and translation of CYP1B1.{22313,22312}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PX 866 is a ring-opened analog of wortmannin (Item No. 10010591) that potently and irreversibly inhibits PI3K (IC50 = 0.1-88 nM).{24458,18123} It less potently blocks the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR, IC50 = 3.1 µM).{18123} PX 866 exhibits single agent in vivo anti-tumor activity and increases the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin and radiation treatment.{24458,24459} In cancer cells grown in three-dimensional cultures, PX 866 reduces cell growth and motility without causing cytotoxicity.{24457} Consistent with having cytostatic effects, PX 866 dosing is associated with prolonged stable disease in cancer patients.{24460}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PX 866 is a ring-opened analog of wortmannin (Item No. 10010591) that potently and irreversibly inhibits PI3K (IC50 = 0.1-88 nM).{24458,18123} It less potently blocks the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR, IC50 = 3.1 µM).{18123} PX 866 exhibits single agent in vivo anti-tumor activity and increases the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin and radiation treatment.{24458,24459} In cancer cells grown in three-dimensional cultures, PX 866 reduces cell growth and motility without causing cytotoxicity.{24457} Consistent with having cytostatic effects, PX 866 dosing is associated with prolonged stable disease in cancer patients.{24460}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PX 866 is a ring-opened analog of wortmannin (Item No. 10010591) that potently and irreversibly inhibits PI3K (IC50 = 0.1-88 nM).{24458,18123} It less potently blocks the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR, IC50 = 3.1 µM).{18123} PX 866 exhibits single agent in vivo anti-tumor activity and increases the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin and radiation treatment.{24458,24459} In cancer cells grown in three-dimensional cultures, PX 866 reduces cell growth and motility without causing cytotoxicity.{24457} Consistent with having cytostatic effects, PX 866 dosing is associated with prolonged stable disease in cancer patients.{24460}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PX-13-17OH is a PI3K inhibitor.{18123} It selectively inhibits PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kɣ, and PI3Kδ (IC50s = 6.4, 13, 8, and 11 nM, respectively) over mTOR (IC50 = 2.9 µM). PX-13-17OH is greater than 420-fold selective for PI3K in a panel of 20 lipid and protein kinases. PX-13-17OH inhibits phosphorylation of Akt and S6 kinase (S6K) in PTEN-negative U87MG cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 1 µg/ml. It inhibits tumor growth in a U87MG mouse xenograft model when administered at doses ranging from 2.5 to 10 mg/kg.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:21203 -

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  • PX-13-17OH is a PI3K inhibitor.{18123} It selectively inhibits PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kɣ, and PI3Kδ (IC50s = 6.4, 13, 8, and 11 nM, respectively) over mTOR (IC50 = 2.9 µM). PX-13-17OH is greater than 420-fold selective for PI3K in a panel of 20 lipid and protein kinases. PX-13-17OH inhibits phosphorylation of Akt and S6 kinase (S6K) in PTEN-negative U87MG cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 1 µg/ml. It inhibits tumor growth in a U87MG mouse xenograft model when administered at doses ranging from 2.5 to 10 mg/kg.  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:21203 -

    Out of stock

  • PX-13-17OH is a PI3K inhibitor.{18123} It selectively inhibits PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kɣ, and PI3Kδ (IC50s = 6.4, 13, 8, and 11 nM, respectively) over mTOR (IC50 = 2.9 µM). PX-13-17OH is greater than 420-fold selective for PI3K in a panel of 20 lipid and protein kinases. PX-13-17OH inhibits phosphorylation of Akt and S6 kinase (S6K) in PTEN-negative U87MG cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 1 µg/ml. It inhibits tumor growth in a U87MG mouse xenograft model when administered at doses ranging from 2.5 to 10 mg/kg.  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:21203 -

    Out of stock

  • PX-478 suppresses both constitutive and hypoxia-induced levels of HIF-1α in cancer cells, resulting in reduced expression of HIF-1α target genes.{11835} It induces apoptosis in human tumor xenografts in mice to an extent that is proportional to initial HIF-1α level.{11835} PX-478 can also increase chemo- or radiosensitivity of tumors.{33612,33613}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:10005189 - 1 mg

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  • PX-478 suppresses both constitutive and hypoxia-induced levels of HIF-1α in cancer cells, resulting in reduced expression of HIF-1α target genes.{11835} It induces apoptosis in human tumor xenografts in mice to an extent that is proportional to initial HIF-1α level.{11835} PX-478 can also increase chemo- or radiosensitivity of tumors.{33612,33613}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10005189 - 10 mg

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  • PX-478 suppresses both constitutive and hypoxia-induced levels of HIF-1α in cancer cells, resulting in reduced expression of HIF-1α target genes.{11835} It induces apoptosis in human tumor xenografts in mice to an extent that is proportional to initial HIF-1α level.{11835} PX-478 can also increase chemo- or radiosensitivity of tumors.{33612,33613}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:10005189 - 25 mg

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  • PX-478 suppresses both constitutive and hypoxia-induced levels of HIF-1α in cancer cells, resulting in reduced expression of HIF-1α target genes.{11835} It induces apoptosis in human tumor xenografts in mice to an extent that is proportional to initial HIF-1α level.{11835} PX-478 can also increase chemo- or radiosensitivity of tumors.{33612,33613}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:10005189 - 5 mg

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  • PX-866-17OH is an active metabolite of PX-866 (Item No. 13645).{47566} It inhibits PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kɣ, and PI3Kδ (IC50s = 14, 57, 131, and 148 nM, respectively).  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:21204 -

    Out of stock

  • PX-866-17OH is an active metabolite of PX-866 (Item No. 13645).{47566} It inhibits PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kɣ, and PI3Kδ (IC50s = 14, 57, 131, and 148 nM, respectively).  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:21204 -

    Out of stock

  • PX-866-17OH is an active metabolite of PX-866 (Item No. 13645).{47566} It inhibits PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kɣ, and PI3Kδ (IC50s = 14, 57, 131, and 148 nM, respectively).  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:21204 -

    Out of stock

  • PYD-106 is a positive allosteric modulator of NR2C subunit-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs).{48963} It enhances glutamate-induced maximal current responses in HEK293 cells expressing NR1/NR2C NMDA receptors (EC50 = 13 µM). PYD-106 is selective for NR2C subunit-containing NMDA receptors over NRA-, NR2B-, and NR2D-subunit containing NMDA receptors in Xenopus oocytes expressing NR1/NR2 heteromeric NMDA receptors at 30 µM.  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:28837 - 1 mg

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  • PYD-106 is a positive allosteric modulator of NR2C subunit-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs).{48963} It enhances glutamate-induced maximal current responses in HEK293 cells expressing NR1/NR2C NMDA receptors (EC50 = 13 µM). PYD-106 is selective for NR2C subunit-containing NMDA receptors over NRA-, NR2B-, and NR2D-subunit containing NMDA receptors in Xenopus oocytes expressing NR1/NR2 heteromeric NMDA receptors at 30 µM.  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:28837 - 10 mg

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  • PYD-106 is a positive allosteric modulator of NR2C subunit-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs).{48963} It enhances glutamate-induced maximal current responses in HEK293 cells expressing NR1/NR2C NMDA receptors (EC50 = 13 µM). PYD-106 is selective for NR2C subunit-containing NMDA receptors over NRA-, NR2B-, and NR2D-subunit containing NMDA receptors in Xenopus oocytes expressing NR1/NR2 heteromeric NMDA receptors at 30 µM.  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:28837 - 5 mg

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  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common pathogen affecting immunocompromised patients with acute diseases such as pneumonia and vasculitis or chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. It produces several phenazine toxic metabolites, the most predominant of which is a blue pigment, pyocyanin. Pyocyanin, which can reach concentrations of 100 µM in cystic fibrosis patients infected with P. aeruginosa, activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor with a Ki value of 5.4 µM.{27028} This induces the expression of both detoxifying enzymes, resulting in pyocyanin degradation, and cytokines that facilitate the clearance of bacteria.{27028} Pyocyanin has been shown to accelerate neutrophil apoptosis in vitro, resulting in resolution of acute inflammation, which is beneficial for bacterial survival. It also induces a 10-fold acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis in vivo.{14843} Pyocyanin production results in reduced bacterial clearance from the lungs of immunocompromised patients. It has also been reported to induce apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells and to induce premature cellular senescence in mammalian cells.{14999} Pyocyanin undergoes nonenzymatic reduction by NADPH, which produces hydrogen peroxide and depletes intracellular glutathione levels, causing oxidative stress in susceptible cells.{14844}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:10009594 - 10 mg

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  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common pathogen affecting immunocompromised patients with acute diseases such as pneumonia and vasculitis or chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. It produces several phenazine toxic metabolites, the most predominant of which is a blue pigment, pyocyanin. Pyocyanin, which can reach concentrations of 100 µM in cystic fibrosis patients infected with P. aeruginosa, activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor with a Ki value of 5.4 µM.{27028} This induces the expression of both detoxifying enzymes, resulting in pyocyanin degradation, and cytokines that facilitate the clearance of bacteria.{27028} Pyocyanin has been shown to accelerate neutrophil apoptosis in vitro, resulting in resolution of acute inflammation, which is beneficial for bacterial survival. It also induces a 10-fold acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis in vivo.{14843} Pyocyanin production results in reduced bacterial clearance from the lungs of immunocompromised patients. It has also been reported to induce apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells and to induce premature cellular senescence in mammalian cells.{14999} Pyocyanin undergoes nonenzymatic reduction by NADPH, which produces hydrogen peroxide and depletes intracellular glutathione levels, causing oxidative stress in susceptible cells.{14844}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10009594 - 100 mg

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  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common pathogen affecting immunocompromised patients with acute diseases such as pneumonia and vasculitis or chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. It produces several phenazine toxic metabolites, the most predominant of which is a blue pigment, pyocyanin. Pyocyanin, which can reach concentrations of 100 µM in cystic fibrosis patients infected with P. aeruginosa, activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor with a Ki value of 5.4 µM.{27028} This induces the expression of both detoxifying enzymes, resulting in pyocyanin degradation, and cytokines that facilitate the clearance of bacteria.{27028} Pyocyanin has been shown to accelerate neutrophil apoptosis in vitro, resulting in resolution of acute inflammation, which is beneficial for bacterial survival. It also induces a 10-fold acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis in vivo.{14843} Pyocyanin production results in reduced bacterial clearance from the lungs of immunocompromised patients. It has also been reported to induce apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells and to induce premature cellular senescence in mammalian cells.{14999} Pyocyanin undergoes nonenzymatic reduction by NADPH, which produces hydrogen peroxide and depletes intracellular glutathione levels, causing oxidative stress in susceptible cells.{14844}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10009594 - 5 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common pathogen affecting immunocompromised patients with acute diseases such as pneumonia and vasculitis or chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. It produces several phenazine toxic metabolites, the most predominant of which is a blue pigment, pyocyanin. Pyocyanin, which can reach concentrations of 100 µM in cystic fibrosis patients infected with P. aeruginosa, activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor with a Ki value of 5.4 µM.{27028} This induces the expression of both detoxifying enzymes, resulting in pyocyanin degradation, and cytokines that facilitate the clearance of bacteria.{27028} Pyocyanin has been shown to accelerate neutrophil apoptosis in vitro, resulting in resolution of acute inflammation, which is beneficial for bacterial survival. It also induces a 10-fold acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis in vivo.{14843} Pyocyanin production results in reduced bacterial clearance from the lungs of immunocompromised patients. It has also been reported to induce apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells and to induce premature cellular senescence in mammalian cells.{14999} Pyocyanin undergoes nonenzymatic reduction by NADPH, which produces hydrogen peroxide and depletes intracellular glutathione levels, causing oxidative stress in susceptible cells.{14844}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:10009594 - 50 mg

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  • Pyoluteorin is a bichlorinated pyrrole produced by several species of Pseudomonas that demonstrates antibiotic, antifungal, and herbicidal activity. Pyoluteorin production is influenced by positive autoregulation and has been shown to function as a signal molecule negatively regulating additional secondary metabolites produced by Pseudomonas.{32547}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyoluteorin is a bichlorinated pyrrole produced by several species of Pseudomonas that demonstrates antibiotic, antifungal, and herbicidal activity. Pyoluteorin production is influenced by positive autoregulation and has been shown to function as a signal molecule negatively regulating additional secondary metabolites produced by Pseudomonas.{32547}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyr3 is a pyrazole compound that selectively antagonizes the transient receptor potential canonical channel 3 (TRPC3).{27896} It inhibits TRPC3-mediated Ca2+ influx with an IC50 value of 0.7 μM without effect on other TRPC members and suppresses activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells with an IC50 value of 0.05 μM.{27896} Pyr3 has been shown to suppress cardiac hypertrophy in mice at 0.1 mg/kg/day.{27896}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyr3 is a pyrazole compound that selectively antagonizes the transient receptor potential canonical channel 3 (TRPC3).{27896} It inhibits TRPC3-mediated Ca2+ influx with an IC50 value of 0.7 μM without effect on other TRPC members and suppresses activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells with an IC50 value of 0.05 μM.{27896} Pyr3 has been shown to suppress cardiac hypertrophy in mice at 0.1 mg/kg/day.{27896}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

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  • Pyr3 is a pyrazole compound that selectively antagonizes the transient receptor potential canonical channel 3 (TRPC3).{27896} It inhibits TRPC3-mediated Ca2+ influx with an IC50 value of 0.7 μM without effect on other TRPC members and suppresses activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells with an IC50 value of 0.05 μM.{27896} Pyr3 has been shown to suppress cardiac hypertrophy in mice at 0.1 mg/kg/day.{27896}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Out of stock

  • PYR41 is an irreversible inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) with an IC50 value of less than 10 µM.{36793} PYR41 specifically inhibits ubiquitin-thioester bond formation (IC50 = 6.4 µM) and not adenylation.{34092} It is selective for E1 over ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) but does inhibit autoubiquitination of the HECT domain ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) Nedd4 at a concentration of 50 µM in an autoubiquitination assay.{36793} It inhibits proteasome-dependent and -independent ubiquitination and protein degradation when used at a concentration of 50 µM. PYR41 prevents activation of NF-κB, ubiquitination of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and proteasomal degradation of IκBα. It prevents degradation and induces transcriptional activity of the tumor suppressor p53 and preferentially induces apoptosis of E1A-transformed RPE cells expressing wild-type p53 over non-transformed RPE cells when used at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 µM. PYR41 also increases net cellular sumoylation and irreversibly cross-links proteins such as JAK2 and Bcr-Abl.{36793,36794}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • PYR41 is an irreversible inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) with an IC50 value of less than 10 µM.{36793} PYR41 specifically inhibits ubiquitin-thioester bond formation (IC50 = 6.4 µM) and not adenylation.{34092} It is selective for E1 over ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) but does inhibit autoubiquitination of the HECT domain ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) Nedd4 at a concentration of 50 µM in an autoubiquitination assay.{36793} It inhibits proteasome-dependent and -independent ubiquitination and protein degradation when used at a concentration of 50 µM. PYR41 prevents activation of NF-κB, ubiquitination of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and proteasomal degradation of IκBα. It prevents degradation and induces transcriptional activity of the tumor suppressor p53 and preferentially induces apoptosis of E1A-transformed RPE cells expressing wild-type p53 over non-transformed RPE cells when used at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 µM. PYR41 also increases net cellular sumoylation and irreversibly cross-links proteins such as JAK2 and Bcr-Abl.{36793,36794}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • PYR41 is an irreversible inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) with an IC50 value of less than 10 µM.{36793} PYR41 specifically inhibits ubiquitin-thioester bond formation (IC50 = 6.4 µM) and not adenylation.{34092} It is selective for E1 over ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) but does inhibit autoubiquitination of the HECT domain ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) Nedd4 at a concentration of 50 µM in an autoubiquitination assay.{36793} It inhibits proteasome-dependent and -independent ubiquitination and protein degradation when used at a concentration of 50 µM. PYR41 prevents activation of NF-κB, ubiquitination of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and proteasomal degradation of IκBα. It prevents degradation and induces transcriptional activity of the tumor suppressor p53 and preferentially induces apoptosis of E1A-transformed RPE cells expressing wild-type p53 over non-transformed RPE cells when used at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 µM. PYR41 also increases net cellular sumoylation and irreversibly cross-links proteins such as JAK2 and Bcr-Abl.{36793,36794}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • PYR41 is an irreversible inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) with an IC50 value of less than 10 µM.{36793} PYR41 specifically inhibits ubiquitin-thioester bond formation (IC50 = 6.4 µM) and not adenylation.{34092} It is selective for E1 over ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) but does inhibit autoubiquitination of the HECT domain ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) Nedd4 at a concentration of 50 µM in an autoubiquitination assay.{36793} It inhibits proteasome-dependent and -independent ubiquitination and protein degradation when used at a concentration of 50 µM. PYR41 prevents activation of NF-κB, ubiquitination of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and proteasomal degradation of IκBα. It prevents degradation and induces transcriptional activity of the tumor suppressor p53 and preferentially induces apoptosis of E1A-transformed RPE cells expressing wild-type p53 over non-transformed RPE cells when used at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 µM. PYR41 also increases net cellular sumoylation and irreversibly cross-links proteins such as JAK2 and Bcr-Abl.{36793,36794}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyranonigrin A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Aspergillus that has antioxidant activity.{49097} It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; Item No. 14805) free radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 132.9 μM). Pyranonigrin A (10 μM) suppresses TNF-α-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:27535 - 1 mg

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  • Pyranonigrin A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Aspergillus that has antioxidant activity.{49097} It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; Item No. 14805) free radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 132.9 μM). Pyranonigrin A (10 μM) suppresses TNF-α-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:27535 - 500 µg

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  • Pyrantel is an anthelmintic and agonist of nematode nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).{46323,46324,46325} It activates chimeric C. elegans α7-nAChRs expressed in BOSC cells (EC50 = 40 μM) and induces contraction of A. suum muscle (EC50 = 57.5 nM).{46323,46324} In vitro, pyrantel decreases survival of A. ceylanicum, N. americanus, and T. muris third-stage larvae (IC50s = 90.9, 2, and 95.5 μg/ml, respectively) and N. americanus and T. muris adults (IC50s = 7.6 and 34.1 μg/ml, respectively).{46325} In vivo, it decreases intestinal A. ceylanicum burden in hamsters and intestinal H. bakeri burden in mice when administered at a dose of 6 mg/kg.{46326} Formulations containing pyrantel have been used in the treatment of parasitic worm infections.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:27368 - 10 g

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  • Pyrantel is an anthelmintic and agonist of nematode nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).{46323,46324,46325} It activates chimeric C. elegans α7-nAChRs expressed in BOSC cells (EC50 = 40 μM) and induces contraction of A. suum muscle (EC50 = 57.5 nM).{46323,46324} In vitro, pyrantel decreases survival of A. ceylanicum, N. americanus, and T. muris third-stage larvae (IC50s = 90.9, 2, and 95.5 μg/ml, respectively) and N. americanus and T. muris adults (IC50s = 7.6 and 34.1 μg/ml, respectively).{46325} In vivo, it decreases intestinal A. ceylanicum burden in hamsters and intestinal H. bakeri burden in mice when administered at a dose of 6 mg/kg.{46326} Formulations containing pyrantel have been used in the treatment of parasitic worm infections.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:27368 - 100 g

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  • Pyrantel is an anthelmintic and agonist of nematode nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).{46323,46324,46325} It activates chimeric C. elegans α7-nAChRs expressed in BOSC cells (EC50 = 40 μM) and induces contraction of A. suum muscle (EC50 = 57.5 nM).{46323,46324} In vitro, pyrantel decreases survival of A. ceylanicum, N. americanus, and T. muris third-stage larvae (IC50s = 90.9, 2, and 95.5 μg/ml, respectively) and N. americanus and T. muris adults (IC50s = 7.6 and 34.1 μg/ml, respectively).{46325} In vivo, it decreases intestinal A. ceylanicum burden in hamsters and intestinal H. bakeri burden in mice when administered at a dose of 6 mg/kg.{46326} Formulations containing pyrantel have been used in the treatment of parasitic worm infections.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:27368 - 5 g

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  • Pyrantel is an anthelmintic and agonist of nematode nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).{46323,46324,46325} It activates chimeric C. elegans α7-nAChRs expressed in BOSC cells (EC50 = 40 μM) and induces contraction of A. suum muscle (EC50 = 57.5 nM).{46323,46324} In vitro, pyrantel decreases survival of A. ceylanicum, N. americanus, and T. muris third-stage larvae (IC50s = 90.9, 2, and 95.5 μg/ml, respectively) and N. americanus and T. muris adults (IC50s = 7.6 and 34.1 μg/ml, respectively).{46325} In vivo, it decreases intestinal A. ceylanicum burden in hamsters and intestinal H. bakeri burden in mice when administered at a dose of 6 mg/kg.{46326} Formulations containing pyrantel have been used in the treatment of parasitic worm infections.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:27368 - 50 g

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  • Pyrazinamide is an antimycobacterial compound that inhibits the growth of the human M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain (MIC = 150 μg/ml).{41204} It increases survival in M. tuberculosis H37Rv-infected mice when administered orally (0.1% w/w in the diet) or subcutaneously (2.5 mg single injection) on the day of infection.{41205} Pyrazinamide also inhibits the growth of M. lepraemurium in infected mice.{41206} Formulations containing pyrazinamide have been used as first-line treatments of M. tuberculosis.{41207}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23416 - 10 g

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  • Pyrazinamide is an antimycobacterial compound that inhibits the growth of the human M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain (MIC = 150 μg/ml).{41204} It increases survival in M. tuberculosis H37Rv-infected mice when administered orally (0.1% w/w in the diet) or subcutaneously (2.5 mg single injection) on the day of infection.{41205} Pyrazinamide also inhibits the growth of M. lepraemurium in infected mice.{41206} Formulations containing pyrazinamide have been used as first-line treatments of M. tuberculosis.{41207}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23416 - 100 g

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  • Pyrazinamide is an antimycobacterial compound that inhibits the growth of the human M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain (MIC = 150 μg/ml).{41204} It increases survival in M. tuberculosis H37Rv-infected mice when administered orally (0.1% w/w in the diet) or subcutaneously (2.5 mg single injection) on the day of infection.{41205} Pyrazinamide also inhibits the growth of M. lepraemurium in infected mice.{41206} Formulations containing pyrazinamide have been used as first-line treatments of M. tuberculosis.{41207}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23416 - 250 g

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  • Pyrazinamide is an antimycobacterial compound that inhibits the growth of the human M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain (MIC = 150 μg/ml).{41204} It increases survival in M. tuberculosis H37Rv-infected mice when administered orally (0.1% w/w in the diet) or subcutaneously (2.5 mg single injection) on the day of infection.{41205} Pyrazinamide also inhibits the growth of M. lepraemurium in infected mice.{41206} Formulations containing pyrazinamide have been used as first-line treatments of M. tuberculosis.{41207}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23416 - 50 g

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  • Pyrazine-2-amidoxime is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:11059 - 1 g

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  • Pyrazine-2-amidoxime is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:11059 - 5 g

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  • Pyrazine-2-amidoxime is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:11059 - 500 mg

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  • Pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis. Like the related pyrazinamide, pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide has mycobacteriostatic and mycobacteriocidal activities in vitro, suggesting that it might be an effective antituberculosis drug.{18425}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10551 - 1 g

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  • Pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis. Like the related pyrazinamide, pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide has mycobacteriostatic and mycobacteriocidal activities in vitro, suggesting that it might be an effective antituberculosis drug.{18425}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10551 - 100 mg

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  • Pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis. Like the related pyrazinamide, pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide has mycobacteriostatic and mycobacteriocidal activities in vitro, suggesting that it might be an effective antituberculosis drug.{18425}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10551 - 250 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis. Like the related pyrazinamide, pyrazine-2-thio carboxamide has mycobacteriostatic and mycobacteriocidal activities in vitro, suggesting that it might be an effective antituberculosis drug.{18425}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10551 - 500 mg

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  • Pyrazolam is a benzodiazepine that has been abused recreationally.{24725} Like other benzodiazepines, pyrazolam has anxiolytic effects. Pyrazolam is a benzodiazepine that has been abused recreationally.{24725} Like other benzodiazepines, pyrazolam has anxiolytic effects.{25370} This product is intended for forensic and research purposes.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyrazolam is a benzodiazepine that has been abused recreationally.{24725} Like other benzodiazepines, pyrazolam has anxiolytic effects. Pyrazolam is a benzodiazepine that has been abused recreationally.{24725} Like other benzodiazepines, pyrazolam has anxiolytic effects.{25370} This product is intended for forensic and research purposes.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyrazolam is a benzodiazepine that has been abused recreationally.{24725} Like other benzodiazepines, pyrazolam has anxiolytic effects. Pyrazolam is a benzodiazepine that has been abused recreationally.{24725} Like other benzodiazepines, pyrazolam has anxiolytic effects.{25370} This product is intended for forensic and research purposes.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyrenocine A is a fungal metabolite that has been found in P. terrestris and has diverse biological activities.{46832} It inhibits the asexual spore germination of the plant pathogenic fungi F. oxysporum, F. solani, M. hiemalis, and R. stolonifer (EC50s = 14, 20, 20, and 25 µg/ml, respectively). Pyrenocine A is active against B. subtilis, S. aureus, and E. coli (IC50s = 30, 45, and 200 µg/ml, respectively). It inhibits onion seedling elongation (EC50 = 4 µg/ml). Pyrenocine A is also a phytotoxin that inhibits lettuce seed germination and rice seedling elongation.{46833,46834}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:29622 - 1 mg

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  • Pyrenophorol is a fungal metabolite that has been found in Alternaria and has diverse biological activities.{33238,45381,45382} It inhibits human topoisomerase II α when used at concentrations of 75 and 100 μM.{33238} It is active against S. cerevisiae (MIC = 4 μM) and M. violaceum.{45381} Pyrenophorol induces leaf necrosis and chlorophyll retention in wild oats when used at a concentration of 64 μM.{45382}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:28100 - 1 mg

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  • Pyrethrins is a mixture of pyrethrins, which are insecticidal compounds derived from the Chrysanthemum flower.{46000} Pyrethrins induce mortality of C. fatigans mosquitoes when used at a concentration of 200 mg/ft2 alone or in combination with the synergist piperonyl butoxide (Item No. 25820) on glass, wood, or mud panels, with the effect persisting for 3-4 weeks.{46001} Pyrethrins are toxic to rats via oral administration (LC50s = 700 and 1,030 mg/kg for female and male rats) and inhalation (LD50 = 3.4 mg/L), as well as to rainbow trout (LC50 = 52.2 µg/L).{46002,46003} Formulations containing pyrethrins have been used in the control of insects in agriculture and horticulture.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:25814 - 1 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyrethrins is a mixture of pyrethrins, which are insecticidal compounds derived from the Chrysanthemum flower.{46000} Pyrethrins induce mortality of C. fatigans mosquitoes when used at a concentration of 200 mg/ft2 alone or in combination with the synergist piperonyl butoxide (Item No. 25820) on glass, wood, or mud panels, with the effect persisting for 3-4 weeks.{46001} Pyrethrins are toxic to rats via oral administration (LC50s = 700 and 1,030 mg/kg for female and male rats) and inhalation (LD50 = 3.4 mg/L), as well as to rainbow trout (LC50 = 52.2 µg/L).{46002,46003} Formulations containing pyrethrins have been used in the control of insects in agriculture and horticulture.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:25814 - 5 mg

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  • Pyridaben is a METI acaricide that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at complex I (METI; Ki = 0.36 nmol/mg protein in rat brain mitochondria).{39980} It is active against a variety of mites, inducing 100% mortality of C. malaccensis, D. farina, and T. putrescentia when administered via filter paper contact at doses of 25, 100, and 200 mg/m3, respectively.{39981} Pyridaben is toxic to rats when administered orally (LD50s = 570 and 1,100 for female and male rats, respectively) and via inhalation (LD50s = 0.62 and 0.66 mg/L for female and male rats, respectively).{39982} Formulations containing pyridaben have been used in the control of mites in agriculture.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:25821 - 100 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridaben is a METI acaricide that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at complex I (METI; Ki = 0.36 nmol/mg protein in rat brain mitochondria).{39980} It is active against a variety of mites, inducing 100% mortality of C. malaccensis, D. farina, and T. putrescentia when administered via filter paper contact at doses of 25, 100, and 200 mg/m3, respectively.{39981} Pyridaben is toxic to rats when administered orally (LD50s = 570 and 1,100 for female and male rats, respectively) and via inhalation (LD50s = 0.62 and 0.66 mg/L for female and male rats, respectively).{39982} Formulations containing pyridaben have been used in the control of mites in agriculture.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:25821 - 25 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridaben is a METI acaricide that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at complex I (METI; Ki = 0.36 nmol/mg protein in rat brain mitochondria).{39980} It is active against a variety of mites, inducing 100% mortality of C. malaccensis, D. farina, and T. putrescentia when administered via filter paper contact at doses of 25, 100, and 200 mg/m3, respectively.{39981} Pyridaben is toxic to rats when administered orally (LD50s = 570 and 1,100 for female and male rats, respectively) and via inhalation (LD50s = 0.62 and 0.66 mg/L for female and male rats, respectively).{39982} Formulations containing pyridaben have been used in the control of mites in agriculture.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:25821 - 50 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridomycin is a structurally unusual antimycobacterial cyclodepsipeptide whose composition includes two rare moieties: 3-(3-pyridyl)-L-alanine and 2-hydroxy-3-methylpent-2-enoic acid.{27783} It inhibits NADH-dependent enoyl (Acyl-Carrier-Protein) reductase InhA, preventing mycolic acid synthesis in M. tuberculosis, including isoniazid-resistant strains (MICs = 0.31-0.63 µg/ml).{27784}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Out of stock

  • Pyridomycin is a structurally unusual antimycobacterial cyclodepsipeptide whose composition includes two rare moieties: 3-(3-pyridyl)-L-alanine and 2-hydroxy-3-methylpent-2-enoic acid.{27783} It inhibits NADH-dependent enoyl (Acyl-Carrier-Protein) reductase InhA, preventing mycolic acid synthesis in M. tuberculosis, including isoniazid-resistant strains (MICs = 0.31-0.63 µg/ml).{27784}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Out of stock

  • Pyridostatin is a synthetic small-molecule stabilizer of G-quadruplexes, a secondary structure of DNA that usually exists in the end of the chromosome or the telomeres. It can compete for binding with the telomere-associated proteins and induce telomerase dysfunction. Pyridostatin induces DNA damage and cell cycle arrest (Kd = 490 nM) and has been shown to target the proto-oncogene Src, reducing Src protein abundance and Src-dependent motility in human breast cancer cells.{32665}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridostatin is a synthetic small-molecule stabilizer of G-quadruplexes, a secondary structure of DNA that usually exists in the end of the chromosome or the telomeres. It can compete for binding with the telomere-associated proteins and induce telomerase dysfunction. Pyridostatin induces DNA damage and cell cycle arrest (Kd = 490 nM) and has been shown to target the proto-oncogene Src, reducing Src protein abundance and Src-dependent motility in human breast cancer cells.{32665}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridostatin is a synthetic small-molecule stabilizer of G-quadruplexes, a secondary structure of DNA that usually exists in the end of the chromosome or the telomeres. It can compete for binding with the telomere-associated proteins and induce telomerase dysfunction. Pyridostatin induces DNA damage and cell cycle arrest (Kd = 490 nM) and has been shown to target the proto-oncogene Src, reducing Src protein abundance and Src-dependent motility in human breast cancer cells.{32665}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridostatin is a synthetic small-molecule stabilizer of G-quadruplexes, a secondary structure of DNA that usually exists in the end of the chromosome or the telomeres. It can compete for binding with the telomere-associated proteins and induce telomerase dysfunction. Pyridostatin induces DNA damage and cell cycle arrest (Kd = 490 nM) and has been shown to target the proto-oncogene Src, reducing Src protein abundance and Src-dependent motility in human breast cancer cells.{32665}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridostigmine is a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.35 and 1.0 μM for human acetyl ChE (AChE) and butyryl ChE (BChE), respectively.{38659} Ex vivo, pyridostigmine protects bovine red blood cells from toxic and irreversible AChE inhibition by the organophosphates diisopropyl fluorophosphates, chlorpyrifos (Item No. 21412), diazinon (Item No. 23769), paraoxon, and malaoxon.{38660} It also binds to AChE to prevent irreversible inhibition and reduce muscle depolarization induced by soman ex vivo in human diaphragm muscle fibers in a concentration-dependent manner.{38661} Pyridostigmine (3 mg/kg per day for four weeks) prevents tachycardia, increases parasympathetic, and decreases sympathetic tone in mice following myocardial infarction.{38662} Formulations containing pyridostigmine have been used to treat myasthenia gravis and as neuromuscular protective agents against organophosphate poisoning.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23831 - 1 g

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridostigmine is a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.35 and 1.0 μM for human acetyl ChE (AChE) and butyryl ChE (BChE), respectively.{38659} Ex vivo, pyridostigmine protects bovine red blood cells from toxic and irreversible AChE inhibition by the organophosphates diisopropyl fluorophosphates, chlorpyrifos (Item No. 21412), diazinon (Item No. 23769), paraoxon, and malaoxon.{38660} It also binds to AChE to prevent irreversible inhibition and reduce muscle depolarization induced by soman ex vivo in human diaphragm muscle fibers in a concentration-dependent manner.{38661} Pyridostigmine (3 mg/kg per day for four weeks) prevents tachycardia, increases parasympathetic, and decreases sympathetic tone in mice following myocardial infarction.{38662} Formulations containing pyridostigmine have been used to treat myasthenia gravis and as neuromuscular protective agents against organophosphate poisoning.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23831 - 100 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridostigmine is a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.35 and 1.0 μM for human acetyl ChE (AChE) and butyryl ChE (BChE), respectively.{38659} Ex vivo, pyridostigmine protects bovine red blood cells from toxic and irreversible AChE inhibition by the organophosphates diisopropyl fluorophosphates, chlorpyrifos (Item No. 21412), diazinon (Item No. 23769), paraoxon, and malaoxon.{38660} It also binds to AChE to prevent irreversible inhibition and reduce muscle depolarization induced by soman ex vivo in human diaphragm muscle fibers in a concentration-dependent manner.{38661} Pyridostigmine (3 mg/kg per day for four weeks) prevents tachycardia, increases parasympathetic, and decreases sympathetic tone in mice following myocardial infarction.{38662} Formulations containing pyridostigmine have been used to treat myasthenia gravis and as neuromuscular protective agents against organophosphate poisoning.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23831 - 250 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridostigmine is a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.35 and 1.0 μM for human acetyl ChE (AChE) and butyryl ChE (BChE), respectively.{38659} Ex vivo, pyridostigmine protects bovine red blood cells from toxic and irreversible AChE inhibition by the organophosphates diisopropyl fluorophosphates, chlorpyrifos (Item No. 21412), diazinon (Item No. 23769), paraoxon, and malaoxon.{38660} It also binds to AChE to prevent irreversible inhibition and reduce muscle depolarization induced by soman ex vivo in human diaphragm muscle fibers in a concentration-dependent manner.{38661} Pyridostigmine (3 mg/kg per day for four weeks) prevents tachycardia, increases parasympathetic, and decreases sympathetic tone in mice following myocardial infarction.{38662} Formulations containing pyridostigmine have been used to treat myasthenia gravis and as neuromuscular protective agents against organophosphate poisoning.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:23831 - 500 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, is a cofactor for many different enzymes involved in transamination reactions, including mitochondrial cysteine desulfurase, cystathionine γ-synthase, various aminotransferases, and d-serine dehydratase. It has been used to study the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent active sites of these enzymes.{17811,17812,20160,20159}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20352 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, is a cofactor for many different enzymes involved in transamination reactions, including mitochondrial cysteine desulfurase, cystathionine γ-synthase, various aminotransferases, and d-serine dehydratase. It has been used to study the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent active sites of these enzymes.{17811,17812,20160,20159}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20352 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, is a cofactor for many different enzymes involved in transamination reactions, including mitochondrial cysteine desulfurase, cystathionine γ-synthase, various aminotransferases, and d-serine dehydratase. It has been used to study the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent active sites of these enzymes.{17811,17812,20160,20159}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20352 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, is a cofactor for many different enzymes involved in transamination reactions, including mitochondrial cysteine desulfurase, cystathionine γ-synthase, various aminotransferases, and d-serine dehydratase. It has been used to study the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent active sites of these enzymes.{17811,17812,20160,20159}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20352 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazine is a lipophilic, nontoxic, iron-chelating agent that shows high iron chelation efficacy both in vitro in cell culture models and in vivo in rats and mice.{30829,30832} Because iron is a crucial component of metabolic pathways involved in DNA synthesis, cancerous cells have a high iron requirement due to rapid rates of proliferation. While pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazine exhibits low anticancer activity, its analogs demonstrate antiproliferative effects in a range of tumor cells.{30828,30831,30830}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxatin is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Acremonium with diverse biological activities.{43929} It inhibits production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in vitro (IC50 = 0.55 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin inhibits hemolysis induced by the free radical generator AAPH in rat erythrocytes (IC50 = 1.95 μg/ml). It is active against C. albicans (MIC = 1.64 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin is cytotoxic in a panel of 21 cancer cell lines (EC50s = 0.10-7.04 μg/ml).{43930} It also inhibits gelatinase A (IC50 = 15.2 μM).  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:27607 - 1 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxatin is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Acremonium with diverse biological activities.{43929} It inhibits production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in vitro (IC50 = 0.55 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin inhibits hemolysis induced by the free radical generator AAPH in rat erythrocytes (IC50 = 1.95 μg/ml). It is active against C. albicans (MIC = 1.64 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin is cytotoxic in a panel of 21 cancer cell lines (EC50s = 0.10-7.04 μg/ml).{43930} It also inhibits gelatinase A (IC50 = 15.2 μM).  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:27607 - 500 µg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20706 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20706 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20706 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20706 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyridoxine-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of pyridoxine (Item No. 20706) by GC- or LC-MS. Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:28149 - 1 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Out of stock

  • Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Out of stock

  • Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Out of stock

  • Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-

    Out of stock

  • Pyrimidin-4-yl-Methanol is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10007111 - 1 g

    Available on backorder

  • Pyrimidin-4-yl-Methanol is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10007111 - 100 mg

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  • Pyrimidin-4-yl-Methanol is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10007111 - 50 mg

    Available on backorder

  • Pyrimidin-4-yl-Methanol is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10007111 - 500 mg

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  • Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10010564 - 100 mg

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  • Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10010564 - 250 mg

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  • Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10010564 - 50 mg

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  • Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10010564 - 500 mg

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  • Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (sodium salt) is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10007113 - 1 g

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  • Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (sodium salt) is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:10007113 - 100 mg

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  • Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (sodium salt) is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:10007113 - 500 mg

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  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), unlike murine ESC, grow in vitro as large flattened two dimensional colonies.{23249} Dispersing these colonies, using trypsin to dissociate single hESC, results in massive cell death.{23249} Pyrintegrin is a 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine that, at 2 µM, enhances the survival of hESC more than 30-fold after trypsin-mediated dissociation.{23249} It increases integrin-dependent attachment of hESC to extracellular matrices, including Matrigel™ and laminin, without significantly impacting cell proliferation.{23249} Pyrintegrin increases the binding of the activated β1 integrin-specific antibody HUTS-21 and enhances the phosphorylation of multiple growth factor receptors and their downstream kinases, PI3K and MAPK.{23249}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), unlike murine ESC, grow in vitro as large flattened two dimensional colonies.{23249} Dispersing these colonies, using trypsin to dissociate single hESC, results in massive cell death.{23249} Pyrintegrin is a 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine that, at 2 µM, enhances the survival of hESC more than 30-fold after trypsin-mediated dissociation.{23249} It increases integrin-dependent attachment of hESC to extracellular matrices, including Matrigel™ and laminin, without significantly impacting cell proliferation.{23249} Pyrintegrin increases the binding of the activated β1 integrin-specific antibody HUTS-21 and enhances the phosphorylation of multiple growth factor receptors and their downstream kinases, PI3K and MAPK.{23249}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), unlike murine ESC, grow in vitro as large flattened two dimensional colonies.{23249} Dispersing these colonies, using trypsin to dissociate single hESC, results in massive cell death.{23249} Pyrintegrin is a 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine that, at 2 µM, enhances the survival of hESC more than 30-fold after trypsin-mediated dissociation.{23249} It increases integrin-dependent attachment of hESC to extracellular matrices, including Matrigel™ and laminin, without significantly impacting cell proliferation.{23249} Pyrintegrin increases the binding of the activated β1 integrin-specific antibody HUTS-21 and enhances the phosphorylation of multiple growth factor receptors and their downstream kinases, PI3K and MAPK.{23249}  

     

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  • Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine insecticide that mimics juvenile growth hormone, which prevents larvae from developing into reproduction-capable adults. The LD50 of pyriproxyfen in rats is >5,000 mg/kg, >1,300 mg/cubic meter/4 hours, and >2,000 mg/kg through oral, inhalation, or percutaneous dosing, respectively.{34241} It is used as a larvicide in the drinking water of 11 municipalities in Brazil and rumors suggested it may be correlated with the increase in cases of microcephaly in Brazil.{34234} The acceptable daily intake determined by the World Health Organization is 0.3 mg/L.{34240} The prevalence of microcephaly in Brazil is not higher in municipalities that use pyriproxyfen in the water supply, compared with municipalities that use the larvicide Bti.{34234} In addition, in zebrafish, even very high doses (0.1 µg/ml, compared with 0.01 µg/ml used in practice for pest control) pyriproxyfen does not induce microcephaly or other brain malformations.{34235} Formulations containing pyriproxyfen are used for flea control in dogs and as an insecticide for ants.{34236,34239}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:21872 -

    Out of stock

  • Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine insecticide that mimics juvenile growth hormone, which prevents larvae from developing into reproduction-capable adults. The LD50 of pyriproxyfen in rats is >5,000 mg/kg, >1,300 mg/cubic meter/4 hours, and >2,000 mg/kg through oral, inhalation, or percutaneous dosing, respectively.{34241} It is used as a larvicide in the drinking water of 11 municipalities in Brazil and rumors suggested it may be correlated with the increase in cases of microcephaly in Brazil.{34234} The acceptable daily intake determined by the World Health Organization is 0.3 mg/L.{34240} The prevalence of microcephaly in Brazil is not higher in municipalities that use pyriproxyfen in the water supply, compared with municipalities that use the larvicide Bti.{34234} In addition, in zebrafish, even very high doses (0.1 µg/ml, compared with 0.01 µg/ml used in practice for pest control) pyriproxyfen does not induce microcephaly or other brain malformations.{34235} Formulations containing pyriproxyfen are used for flea control in dogs and as an insecticide for ants.{34236,34239}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:21872 -

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  • Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is a key enzyme for cholesteryl ester accumulation in atherogenesis, lipoprotein formation in liver, and cholesterol absorption from intestines, all of which are events that contribute to the atherosclerotic process.{13122,14056} Two ACAT isozymes have been identified and are expressed in distinct tissues. ACAT1 is ubiquitously expressed at a high level in sebaceous glands, steroidogenic tissues, and macrophages, whereas ACAT2 is expressed predominantly in the liver and intestine.{11763} Pyripyropene A, naturally produced by A. fumigates, is a potent inhibitor of ACAT2 with an IC50 value of 70 nM in an in vitro activity assay.{21763,21761,21762} It demonstrates high selectivity for the ACAT2 isozyme, inhibiting ACAT1 in a similar assay with an IC50 value of > 80 μM.{21762} A dose of 10 to 100 mg/kg PPPA inhibits cholesterol absorption in mouse intestine by 30.5-55%.{21762} Oral administration to apolipoprotein E-knockout mice at 10-50 mg/kg per day for 12 weeks can lower the levels of plasma cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein, and LDL content, resulting in protection from atherosclerosis development.{21762}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:11896 - 1 mg

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  • Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is a key enzyme for cholesteryl ester accumulation in atherogenesis, lipoprotein formation in liver, and cholesterol absorption from intestines, all of which are events that contribute to the atherosclerotic process.{13122,14056} Two ACAT isozymes have been identified and are expressed in distinct tissues. ACAT1 is ubiquitously expressed at a high level in sebaceous glands, steroidogenic tissues, and macrophages, whereas ACAT2 is expressed predominantly in the liver and intestine.{11763} Pyripyropene A, naturally produced by A. fumigates, is a potent inhibitor of ACAT2 with an IC50 value of 70 nM in an in vitro activity assay.{21763,21761,21762} It demonstrates high selectivity for the ACAT2 isozyme, inhibiting ACAT1 in a similar assay with an IC50 value of > 80 μM.{21762} A dose of 10 to 100 mg/kg PPPA inhibits cholesterol absorption in mouse intestine by 30.5-55%.{21762} Oral administration to apolipoprotein E-knockout mice at 10-50 mg/kg per day for 12 weeks can lower the levels of plasma cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein, and LDL content, resulting in protection from atherosclerosis development.{21762}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:11896 - 250 µg

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  • Pyrithiamine is the pyridine analog of thiamine that prevents growth of organisms that require intact thiamine.{35137} It inhibits the growth of bacterial and fungal species at a pyrithiamine:thiamine ratio of 10:1 in growth media and induces symptoms of thiamine deficiency in mice at a dietary ratio of 3:1. These effects are reversible with addition of sufficient thiamine in all species. Pyrithiamine inhibits the formation of cocarboxylase from thiamine in chicken blood in a dose-dependent manner.{35139} It has been used to induce thiamine deficiency in various disease models, including rat models of alcoholism and diencephalic amnesia, to study the effects of thiamine deficiency on disease pathology.{35141,35143}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyrithiamine is the pyridine analog of thiamine that prevents growth of organisms that require intact thiamine.{35137} It inhibits the growth of bacterial and fungal species at a pyrithiamine:thiamine ratio of 10:1 in growth media and induces symptoms of thiamine deficiency in mice at a dietary ratio of 3:1. These effects are reversible with addition of sufficient thiamine in all species. Pyrithiamine inhibits the formation of cocarboxylase from thiamine in chicken blood in a dose-dependent manner.{35139} It has been used to induce thiamine deficiency in various disease models, including rat models of alcoholism and diencephalic amnesia, to study the effects of thiamine deficiency on disease pathology.{35141,35143}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

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  • Pyrithiamine is the pyridine analog of thiamine that prevents growth of organisms that require intact thiamine.{35137} It inhibits the growth of bacterial and fungal species at a pyrithiamine:thiamine ratio of 10:1 in growth media and induces symptoms of thiamine deficiency in mice at a dietary ratio of 3:1. These effects are reversible with addition of sufficient thiamine in all species. Pyrithiamine inhibits the formation of cocarboxylase from thiamine in chicken blood in a dose-dependent manner.{35139} It has been used to induce thiamine deficiency in various disease models, including rat models of alcoholism and diencephalic amnesia, to study the effects of thiamine deficiency on disease pathology.{35141,35143}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyrocoll is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces.{49000} It inhibits the growth of A. aurescens, A. globiformis, A. oxydans, A. pascens, and R. erythropolis bacteria (MICs = 10, 1, 10, 3, and 10 μg/ml, respectively) and HMO2, HepG2, and MCF-7 cancer cells (GI50s = 0.28, 0.42, and 2.2 μg/ml, respectively) in vitro. Pyrocoll is also active against P. falciparum and T. rhodesiense (IC50s = 1.19 and 1.97 μg/ml, respectively).  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:26464 - 1 mg

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  • Pyrocoll is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces.{49000} It inhibits the growth of A. aurescens, A. globiformis, A. oxydans, A. pascens, and R. erythropolis bacteria (MICs = 10, 1, 10, 3, and 10 μg/ml, respectively) and HMO2, HepG2, and MCF-7 cancer cells (GI50s = 0.28, 0.42, and 2.2 μg/ml, respectively) in vitro. Pyrocoll is also active against P. falciparum and T. rhodesiense (IC50s = 1.19 and 1.97 μg/ml, respectively).  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:26464 - 5 mg

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  • Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20347 -

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  • Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20347 -

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  • Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20347 -

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  • Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:20347 -

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  • Pyronaridine (PND) is a potent antimalarial compound developed in China over 40 years ago.{26530} It inhibits the growth of P. falciparum during the asexual stage and early gametocyte stages (I and II) with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.{26533,26534} PND is highly effective against artemisinin-resistant malaria and can be used in combination therapy, particularly with the artemisinin derivative, artesunate (Item No. 11817).{26531,26532} PND, alone or in combination with artesunate, prevents recrudescence of parasites.{26531} Resistance to pyronaridine may be linked to genetic variations in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1.{26534}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyronaridine (PND) is a potent antimalarial compound developed in China over 40 years ago.{26530} It inhibits the growth of P. falciparum during the asexual stage and early gametocyte stages (I and II) with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.{26533,26534} PND is highly effective against artemisinin-resistant malaria and can be used in combination therapy, particularly with the artemisinin derivative, artesunate (Item No. 11817).{26531,26532} PND, alone or in combination with artesunate, prevents recrudescence of parasites.{26531} Resistance to pyronaridine may be linked to genetic variations in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1.{26534}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyronaridine (PND) is a potent antimalarial compound developed in China over 40 years ago.{26530} It inhibits the growth of P. falciparum during the asexual stage and early gametocyte stages (I and II) with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.{26533,26534} PND is highly effective against artemisinin-resistant malaria and can be used in combination therapy, particularly with the artemisinin derivative, artesunate (Item No. 11817).{26531,26532} PND, alone or in combination with artesunate, prevents recrudescence of parasites.{26531} Resistance to pyronaridine may be linked to genetic variations in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1.{26534}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyronin Y is a fluorescent probe which stains double stranded RNA in living or fixed cells as well as in tissues.{22902,22900} When used in living cell preparations, it is commonly combined with 50-100 µM verapamil to prevent efflux of the dye. It has been used to ascertain the cell cycle state of stem cells and is amenable to flow cytometry.{22898,22901} Maximum excitation is at 540-550 nm, with maximum emission at 560-580 nm.  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyronin Y is a fluorescent probe which stains double stranded RNA in living or fixed cells as well as in tissues.{22902,22900} When used in living cell preparations, it is commonly combined with 50-100 µM verapamil to prevent efflux of the dye. It has been used to ascertain the cell cycle state of stem cells and is amenable to flow cytometry.{22898,22901} Maximum excitation is at 540-550 nm, with maximum emission at 560-580 nm.  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyronin Y is a fluorescent probe which stains double stranded RNA in living or fixed cells as well as in tissues.{22902,22900} When used in living cell preparations, it is commonly combined with 50-100 µM verapamil to prevent efflux of the dye. It has been used to ascertain the cell cycle state of stem cells and is amenable to flow cytometry.{22898,22901} Maximum excitation is at 540-550 nm, with maximum emission at 560-580 nm.  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:21371 -

    Out of stock

  • Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:21371 -

    Out of stock

  • Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:21371 -

    Out of stock

  • Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:21371 -

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  • Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

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  • Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

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  • Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

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  • Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

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  • Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:-

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  • Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}  

     

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    Cayman
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  • Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid (PDTC) is a metal chelating compound that potently and reversibly inhibits NF-κB activation in vitro (100 µM).{33926} At 300 µM, it prevents TNF-α gene expression and protein production in human monocytes after LPS application.{33928} In vascular smooth muscle cells, PDTC (10 µM) arrests the cell cycle at the G1 phase with upregulation of p21Cip1 through the p38 MAPK pathway.{33925} PDTC (100 µM) also has antioxidant properties.{33927}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:20713 -

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  • Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid (PDTC) is a metal chelating compound that potently and reversibly inhibits NF-κB activation in vitro (100 µM).{33926} At 300 µM, it prevents TNF-α gene expression and protein production in human monocytes after LPS application.{33928} In vascular smooth muscle cells, PDTC (10 µM) arrests the cell cycle at the G1 phase with upregulation of p21Cip1 through the p38 MAPK pathway.{33925} PDTC (100 µM) also has antioxidant properties.{33927}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:20713 -

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  • Pyrrolidino PAF C-16 is a synthetic analog of PAF C-16. It is a potent mediator of PAF-like activities, including hypotension{6601,6600} and platelet aggregation, where it is approximately 3-10 times more potent than PAF itself.{6601,6600}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:60909 - 1 mg

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  • Pyrrolidino PAF C-16 is a synthetic analog of PAF C-16. It is a potent mediator of PAF-like activities, including hypotension{6601,6600} and platelet aggregation, where it is approximately 3-10 times more potent than PAF itself.{6601,6600}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:60909 - 10 mg

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  • Pyrrolidino PAF C-16 is a synthetic analog of PAF C-16. It is a potent mediator of PAF-like activities, including hypotension{6601,6600} and platelet aggregation, where it is approximately 3-10 times more potent than PAF itself.{6601,6600}  

     

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    Cayman
    SKU:60909 - 5 mg

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  • Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20681 -

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  • Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20681 -

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  • Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20681 -

    Available on backorder

  • Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:20681 -

    Available on backorder

  • The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-
  • The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.  

     

    Brand:
    Cayman
    SKU:-