trans-Urocanic acid is a major epidermal chromophore for the immunosuppressive effects of UV radiation that is produced in mammalian stratum corneum by the action of histidine ammonialyase on L-histidine.{26632} It contributes to the acidification of the surface of the stratum corneum, and its function has been proposed as that of an endogenous sunscreen, endowing a low-level of protection (SPF ~ 1.5) against UV-induced DNA damage and excessive keratinocyte apoptosis.{26632} Upon UVB exposure, trans-urocanic acid is converted to the cis isomer, which is known to activate regulatory T cells.{26631}
A major epidermal chromophore for the immunosuppressive effects of UV radiation that is produced in mammalian stratum corneum by the action of L-histidine ammonia lyase on histidine
Formal name: 3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-2E-propenoic acid
Synonyms:
Molecular weight: 138.1
CAS: 3465-72-3
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A crystalline solid
Product Type|Biochemicals||Research Area|Immunology & Inflammation|Adaptive Immunity
The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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