Tetranor prostaglandin E metabolite-d6 (tetranor-PGEM-d6) contains six deuterium atoms at the 13, 13, 14, 14, 15, and 15 positions. It is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tetranor PGEM by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry. Tetranor PGEM-d6 is the major urinary metabolite of PGE1 and PGE2. It is used as a urinary marker of PGE2 biosynthesis, and to monitor metabolism after infusion or injection of PGE1 as a pharmaceutical.{2127,2308} Normal healthy males excrete 16-30 µg of tetranor PGEM over a 24-hour period. Females excrete less by about a factor of three. Following oral administration (4 x 50 mg/24 hours) of the COX inhibitor, indomethacin, urinary levels of tetranor PGEM decrease by 75-98% indicating the almost complete loss of PGE2 biosynthesis.{2127}
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An internal standard for the quantification of tetranor PGEM by GC- or LC-MS
Formal name: 9,15-dioxo-11α-hydroxy-13,14-dihydro-2,3,4,5-tetranor-prostan-13,13,14,14,15,15-d6-1,20-dioic acid
Synonyms: tetranor-Prostaglandin E Metabolite-d6
Molecular weight: 334.4
CAS: 1240398-16-6
Purity: ≥99% deuterated forms (may contain d4-d8)
Formulation: A solution in methyl acetate
The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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