A hydantoin anticonvulsant; inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in a voltage-dependent manner; suppresses the persistent sodium current in a dose-dependent manner (10-100 μM) in neurons isolated from rat neocortex; reduces seizure frequency and duration by 46 and approximately 20%

Phenytoin – 50 g

Brand:
Cayman
CAS:
57-41-0
Storage:
4
UN-No:
Non-Hazardous - /

Phenytoin is a hydantoin anticonvulsant.{38720} It inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in a voltage-dependent manner.{38721} Phenytoin reduces neuron firing in response to a depolarizing current in neurons from crayfish, Aplysia, rats, and mice when used at concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 μM. It also suppresses the persistent sodium current in a dose-dependent manner in rat neocortex without affecting the voltage-dependence of current activation.{38722} Phenytoin is oxidized by cytochrome P450 into several products that can lead to cell death in vitro and toxic effects in vivo, such as gingival hyperplasia and teratogenicity in rats and mice, respectively.{38720} In a rat model of status epilepticus, administration of phenytoin over 7 days (75 mg/kg, i.p., the first day, then 50 mg/kg per day) reduces seizure frequency and duration by 46 and approximately 20%, respectively, during the treatment period.{38723} In combination with the P-glycoprotein inhibitor tariquidar, phenytoin reduces seizure frequency by 93% but only for the first three days of the treatment period. Formulations containing phenytoin have been used in the treatment of status epilepticus.  

 

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Description

A hydantoin anticonvulsant; inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in a voltage-dependent manner; suppresses the persistent sodium current in a dose-dependent manner (10-100 μM) in neurons isolated from rat neocortex; reduces seizure frequency and duration by 46 and approximately 20%, respectively, when administered over 7 days (75 mg/kg, i.p., the first day, then 50 mg/kg per day) in a rat model of status epilepticus; oxidized by cytochrome P450 into products that can lead to cell death in vitro and toxic effects in vivo, such as gingival hyperplasia and teratogenicity in rats and mice, respectfully

Formal name: 5,5-diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione

Synonyms:  5,5-Diphenylhydantoin|NSC 8722

Molecular weight: 252.3

CAS: 57-41-0

Purity: ≥98%

Formulation: A crystalline solid

Product Type|Biochemicals|Ion Channel Modulation|Blockers||Research Area|Neuroscience|Seizure Disorders

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