Palmitoleic acid-d14 contains 14 deuterium atoms at the 2, 2’, 3, 3’, 4, 4’, 5, 5’, 6, 6’, 7, 7’, 8, and 8’ positions. It is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitoleic acid (Item No. 10009871). Palmitoleic acid is an ω-7 monounsaturated fatty acid that is a common constituent of the triglycerides of human adipose tissue. It is found mainly in animal fats, particularly in fish and marine mammals, and is also present in the seeds of plants of the Proteaceae family. In contrast to a diet enriched with oleic acid (Item No. 90260), palmitoleic acid-based diets raise low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and lower high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol much like that of a saturated fatty acid, even when dietary intake of cholesterol is maintained at a low level.{16300}
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An internal standard for the quantification of AEA by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry
Formal name: (9Z)-hexadecenoic-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-d14 acid
Synonyms: cis-Palmitoleic Acid-d14|9-cis-Hexadecenoic Acid-d14|n-7 Palmitoleate-d14|Palmitoleate-d14
Molecular weight: 268.4
CAS: 184708-66-5
Purity: ≥99% deuterated forms (d1-d14)
Formulation: A solution in ethanol
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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