PAF C-16-d4 contains four deuterium atoms at the 7, 7′, 8, and 8′ positions of the hexadecyl moiety. It is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of PAF C-16 by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry. PAF C-16 is a naturally occurring phospholipid produced upon stimulation through two distinct pathways known as the “remodeling” and ‘de novo’ pathways.{939} It is a potent mediator of neutrophil migration,{1437} the production of reactive oxygen species,{367} and IL-6{2296} in human macrophages. It is a more potent mediator of platelet aggregation than PAF C-18{3786}. Pathological processes involving PAF include necrotizing enterocolitis,{5841} inflammation, asthma, and allergy.{303}
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An internal standard for the quantification of PAF C-16 by GC- or LC-MS.
Formal name: 1-O-hexadecyl-(7,7,8,8-d4)-2-O-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine
Synonyms: Platelet-activating Factor C-16-d4
Molecular weight: 527.7
CAS: 211106-54-6
Purity: ≥99% deuterated forms (d1-d4)
Formulation: A solution in ethanol
1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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