Estriol-d2 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of estriol (Item Nos. ISO60164 | 10006484) by GC- or LC-MS. Estriol is a metabolite of estradiol (Item Nos. ISO60155 | 10006315) and a major estrogen produced in the later stages of pregnancy. In a longitudinal study in healthy pregnant women, total plasma estriol levels increased from 15873) and serves as a direct marker of fetal adrenal gland activity.{7766} Saliva contains primarily unbound and unconjugated estriol and is commonly used for monitoring estriol levels.{7766,7799} Plasma levels of estriol in males and non-pregnant females is less than 2 ng/ml.{7647}
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An internal standard for the quantification of estriol by GC- or LC-MS
Formal name: estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-2,4-d2-3,16α,17β-triol
Synonyms: 1,3,5(10)-Estratriene-3,16α,17β-triol-d2|16α-hydroxy-17β-Estradiol-d2|E3-d2
Molecular weight: 290.4
CAS: 53866-32-3
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A crystalline solid
The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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