Disulfiram-d20 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of disulfiram (Item No. 15303) by GC- or LC-MS. Disulfiram is a copper and zinc chelator and an irreversible inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (IC50 = 0.1 mM).{25186} It also inhibits the copper-dependent enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase, which prevents the breakdown of dopamine.{25185} When in complex with copper, disulfiram has been shown to inhibit purified 20S proteasome (IC50 = 7.5 μM) and 26S proteasome (IC50 = 20 μM) from MDA-MB-0231 breast cancer cells.{25183,25182} Disulfiram (at 250 nM) induces reactive oxygen species, activates JNK and p38 pathways, and inhibits NF-κB activity, which suppresses self-renewal in cancer stem cells.{25187,25184}
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An internal standard for the quantification of disulfiram by GC- or LC-MS
Formal name: bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentadeuterioethyl)carbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentadeuterioethyl)carbamodithioate
Synonyms: Tetraethylthiuram disulfide-d20
Molecular weight: 316.7
CAS: 1216403-88-1
Purity: ≥99% deuterated forms (d1-d20)
Formulation: A solid
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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The maintenance of embryonic stem cells in culture typically requires feeder cells and various exogenous factors found in serum. Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells can be maintained in the absence of feeder cells and serum but require the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to prevent differentiation and promote self-renewal. SC-1 is a small molecule activator of stem cell renewal that allows the propagation of OG2 mES cells for at least 10 passages in an undifferentiated state.{14533} The activity of SC-1 is mediated by the combined inhibition of RasGAP and ERK1 with Kd values of 98 and 212 nM, respectively.{14533} Inhibition of RasGAP increases Ras signaling via the PI3-kinase pathway which promotes self-renewal, whereas inhibition of ERK blocks differentiation.
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The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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