A mycotoxin with diverse biological activities; active against S. aureus

Citrinin – 1 mg

Brand:
Cayman
CAS:
518-75-2
Storage:
-20
UN-No:
De Minimis - 3462 / 6.1

Citrinin is a mycotoxin that has been found in Monascus and has diverse biological activities.{58148,58149,58150,58151} It is active against S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), rifampicin-resistant S. aureus, and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (MICs = 1.95, 3.9, 0.97, and 7.81 µg/ml, respectively), as well as the pathogenic yeast C. neoformans (MIC = 3.9 µg/ml).{58149} It is cytotoxic to a variety of cells in vitro, including bovine kidney cells and mice embryonic stem cells.{58151} Citrinin (30 µM) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells, effects that can be blocked by the antioxidant resveratrol.{58150} In contrast, citrinin reduces glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary rat cortical neurons at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1,000 nM and inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells at 0.625 to 40 µM.{58151} It is toxic to brine shrimp larvae (LD50 = 96 µg/ml), as well as to rats and mice with oral LD50 values of 50 and 87-105 mg/kg, respectively.{58149,58151} It induces reproductive abnormalities in male mice and toxic effects in the liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tracts of various animals.{58151} Citrinin has been found in stored cereal grains, as well as beans, fruit, and herbs.  

 

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SKU: 11320 - 1 mg Category:

Description

A mycotoxin with diverse biological activities; active against S. aureus, MRSA, rifampicin-resistant S. aureus, and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (MICs = 1.95, 3.9, 0.97, and 7.81 µg/ml, respectively), as well as C. neoformans (MIC = 3.9 µg/ml); induces ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells at 30 µM and is cytotoxic to a variety of cells in vitro; reduces glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary rat cortical neurons at 0.1-1,000 nM; inhibits LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells at 0.625-40 µM; toxic to brine shrimp larvae (LD50 = 96 µg/ml); toxic to rats and mice (oral LD50s = 50 and 87-105 mg/kg, respectively)

Formal name: (3R,4S)-4,6-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-6-oxo-3H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid

Synonyms:  (–)-Citrinin|CTN|NSC 186

Molecular weight: 250.3

CAS: 518-75-2

Purity: ≥98%

Formulation: A crystalline solid

Product Type|Biochemicals|Antibiotics||Product Type|Biochemicals|Toxins|Mycotoxins||Research Area|Cardiovascular System|Heart||Research Area|Cardiovascular System|Kidney & Renal Disease||Research Area|Cell Biology|Cell Signaling|Nitric Oxide Signaling||Research Area|Endocrinology & Metabolism|Reproductive Biology||Research Area|Immunology & Inflammation|Innate Immunity||Research Area|Infectious Disease|Bacterial Diseases|MRSA||Research Area|Infectious Disease|Fungal Diseases||Research Area|Neuroscience|Neuroprotection||Research Area|Oxidative Stress & Reactive Species|Pro-oxidant Activity||Research Area|Oxidative Stress & Reactive Species|Reactive Nitrogen||Research Area|Oxidative Stress & Reactive Species|Reactive Oxygen||Research Area|Toxicology|Cell Health & Viability|Mitochondrial (dys)Function

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