Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; Item No. 14010) activates four E prostanoid (EP) receptors, EP1-4. EP4 is a G protein-coupled receptor that, by elevating the second messenger cAMP, plays important roles in bone formation and resorption, cancer, and atherosclerosis.{16772,16773,16619} CAY10684 is a lactam that acts as a potent EP4 agonist, triggering cAMP signaling with an EC50 value of 0.8 nM.{13508} It displays more than 1,000-fold selectivity for EP4 over other EP receptors.{13508}
A potent EP4 agonist, triggering cAMP signaling with an EC50 value of 0.8 nM
Formal name: (2R)-2-[(1E)-3-(4′-chloro-2′-methyl[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-1-propen-1-yl]-5-oxo-1-pyrrolidineheptanoic acid
Synonyms:
Molecular weight: 470
CAS: 493035-81-7
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A solution in ethanol
Product Type|Biochemicals|Receptor Pharmacology|Agonists||Research Area|Lipid Biochemistry|Cyclooxygenase Pathway
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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The maintenance of embryonic stem cells in culture typically requires feeder cells and various exogenous factors found in serum. Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells can be maintained in the absence of feeder cells and serum but require the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to prevent differentiation and promote self-renewal. SC-1 is a small molecule activator of stem cell renewal that allows the propagation of OG2 mES cells for at least 10 passages in an undifferentiated state.{14533} The activity of SC-1 is mediated by the combined inhibition of RasGAP and ERK1 with Kd values of 98 and 212 nM, respectively.{14533} Inhibition of RasGAP increases Ras signaling via the PI3-kinase pathway which promotes self-renewal, whereas inhibition of ERK blocks differentiation.
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The maintenance of embryonic stem cells in culture typically requires feeder cells and various exogenous factors found in serum. Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells can be maintained in the absence of feeder cells and serum but require the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to prevent differentiation and promote self-renewal. SC-1 is a small molecule activator of stem cell renewal that allows the propagation of OG2 mES cells for at least 10 passages in an undifferentiated state.{14533} The activity of SC-1 is mediated by the combined inhibition of RasGAP and ERK1 with Kd values of 98 and 212 nM, respectively.{14533} Inhibition of RasGAP increases Ras signaling via the PI3-kinase pathway which promotes self-renewal, whereas inhibition of ERK blocks differentiation.
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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