3,4-Dimethylpyrazole (phosphate) (3,4-DMPP) is an inhibitor of nitrification deemed safe by extensive standard toxicology and ecotoxicology tests.{34653} When utilized on crops, 3,4-DMPP prevents nitrogen loss from soil, increases nitrogen use efficiency, and boosts crop yields.{34653,34654} However, a meta-analysis found no influence of 3,4-DMPP on net crop yield, although it may boost yields in alkaline soil.{34655} 3,4-DMPP may be less effective in acidic soils and in the post-harvest period.{34656,34657} DMPP interferes with ammonia monooxygenase from ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) but may not directly affect AOB, AOA, and non-target populations.{34658}
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An inhibitor of nitrification; inhibits nitrogen loss from soil; boosts crop yield in alkaline soil and nitrogen uptake efficiency; interferes with ammonia monooxygenase
Formal name: 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole, monophosphate
Synonyms: 3,4-DMPP
Molecular weight: 194.1
CAS: 202842-98-6
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A crystalline solid
Product Type|Biochemicals||Research Area|Plant Biology||Research Area|Toxicology|Environmental
The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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The tetracycline repressor (TetR) is a transcriptional regulator which normally binds tightly to its palindromic tetO operator DNA, blocking gene expression.{17508} Tet causes the repressor to dissociate from the DNA, allowing transcription to occur. A novel reverse TetR (revTetR) requires tetracycline as a co-repressor to bind tetO and block transcription.{17509,17510} Anhydrotetracycline (hydrochloride) is a powerful effector in both the tetracycline repressor (TetR) and reverse TetR (revTetR) systems, binding the Tet repressor 35-fold more strongly than Tet.{17508,17511} Moreover, anhydrotetracycline poorly binds the 30S ribosomal subunit, compared to Tet,{17512} so it does not act as a general inhibitor of translation and is a poor antibiotic. Perhaps related to this, the concentration of anhydrotetracycline that inhibits eukaryotic cell growth is more than a 1,000-fold above the dose that alters transcription through TetR.{17508}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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