8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid, also known as dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (Item No. 90230), is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) produced from γ-linolenic acid by the action of fatty acid elongases. It can be metabolized by the cyclooxygenase pathway to produce 1-series prostaglandins (PGs) (e.g., PGE1).{10906} (±)14(15)-EpEDE is an EpEDE acid formed from 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid. This monoepoxide can be generated from the PUFA, in vitro, by the action of a strong oxidizing agent.{20667} Alternatively, this compound may be produced, in vivo, by epoxidation of the PUFA by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases. The biological properties of this compound are poorly understood.
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An EpEDE acid formed from DGLA, either by a strong oxidizing agent or by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases; biological properties are poorly understood
Formal name: (±)13-(3-pentyl-2-oxiranyl)-8Z,11Z-tridecadienoic acid
Synonyms: (±)14,15-Epoxyeicosadienoic Acid
Molecular weight: 322.5
CAS: 351533-80-7
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A solution in ethanol
Product Type|Biochemicals|Lipids|Hydroxy/Hydroperoxy/ Epoxy/Oxo Eicosanoids||Research Area|Lipid Biochemistry|Cytochrome P450 Pathways
The maintenance of embryonic stem cells in culture typically requires feeder cells and various exogenous factors found in serum. Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells can be maintained in the absence of feeder cells and serum but require the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to prevent differentiation and promote self-renewal. SC-1 is a small molecule activator of stem cell renewal that allows the propagation of OG2 mES cells for at least 10 passages in an undifferentiated state.{14533} The activity of SC-1 is mediated by the combined inhibition of RasGAP and ERK1 with Kd values of 98 and 212 nM, respectively.{14533} Inhibition of RasGAP increases Ras signaling via the PI3-kinase pathway which promotes self-renewal, whereas inhibition of ERK blocks differentiation.
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The tetracycline repressor (TetR) is a transcriptional regulator which normally binds tightly to its palindromic tetO operator DNA, blocking gene expression.{17508} Tet causes the repressor to dissociate from the DNA, allowing transcription to occur. A novel reverse TetR (revTetR) requires tetracycline as a co-repressor to bind tetO and block transcription.{17509,17510} Anhydrotetracycline (hydrochloride) is a powerful effector in both the tetracycline repressor (TetR) and reverse TetR (revTetR) systems, binding the Tet repressor 35-fold more strongly than Tet.{17508,17511} Moreover, anhydrotetracycline poorly binds the 30S ribosomal subunit, compared to Tet,{17512} so it does not act as a general inhibitor of translation and is a poor antibiotic. Perhaps related to this, the concentration of anhydrotetracycline that inhibits eukaryotic cell growth is more than a 1,000-fold above the dose that alters transcription through TetR.{17508}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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The tetracycline repressor (TetR) is a transcriptional regulator which normally binds tightly to its palindromic tetO operator DNA, blocking gene expression.{17508} Tet causes the repressor to dissociate from the DNA, allowing transcription to occur. A novel reverse TetR (revTetR) requires tetracycline as a co-repressor to bind tetO and block transcription.{17509,17510} Anhydrotetracycline (hydrochloride) is a powerful effector in both the tetracycline repressor (TetR) and reverse TetR (revTetR) systems, binding the Tet repressor 35-fold more strongly than Tet.{17508,17511} Moreover, anhydrotetracycline poorly binds the 30S ribosomal subunit, compared to Tet,{17512} so it does not act as a general inhibitor of translation and is a poor antibiotic. Perhaps related to this, the concentration of anhydrotetracycline that inhibits eukaryotic cell growth is more than a 1,000-fold above the dose that alters transcription through TetR.{17508}
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