Cayman
Showing 42301–42450 of 45550 results
-
Tofogliflozin is a potent inhibitor of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) with Ki values of 2.9, 14.9, and 6.4 nM for human, rat, and mouse SGLT2, respectively.{38569} It is selective for SGLT2 (IC50 = 2.9 nM) over other SGLTs (IC50s = >1,500 nM for SGLT1 and 3-6). Tofogliflozin (3-10 mg/kg) reduces plasma glucose concentrations and increases renal glucose clearance in Zucker diabetic fatty rats in a dose-dependent manner. It also reduces hyperglycemia in non-fasted db/db mice and decreases postprandial hyperglycemia in GK rats, a non-obese model of type 2 diabetes with glucose intolerance.
Brand:CaymanSKU:23509 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Tofogliflozin is a potent inhibitor of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) with Ki values of 2.9, 14.9, and 6.4 nM for human, rat, and mouse SGLT2, respectively.{38569} It is selective for SGLT2 (IC50 = 2.9 nM) over other SGLTs (IC50s = >1,500 nM for SGLT1 and 3-6). Tofogliflozin (3-10 mg/kg) reduces plasma glucose concentrations and increases renal glucose clearance in Zucker diabetic fatty rats in a dose-dependent manner. It also reduces hyperglycemia in non-fasted db/db mice and decreases postprandial hyperglycemia in GK rats, a non-obese model of type 2 diabetes with glucose intolerance.
Brand:CaymanSKU:23509 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolazamide is a first generation sulfonylurea that inhibits sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to the inwardly rectifying potassium channel (KIR6.2; IC50 = 4.2 µM in HEK293 cells transfected with the human receptor).{36318} It has no effect on glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells when used at a concentration of 0.6 mg/mL but enhances glucose uptake two-fold when used in combination with insulin.{40738} In vivo, tolazamide (128 mg/kg) reduces glomerulosclerosis and albumin excretion in a rat model of insulin-dependent diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{40739} Formulations containing tolazamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:23545 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolazamide is a first generation sulfonylurea that inhibits sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to the inwardly rectifying potassium channel (KIR6.2; IC50 = 4.2 µM in HEK293 cells transfected with the human receptor).{36318} It has no effect on glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells when used at a concentration of 0.6 mg/mL but enhances glucose uptake two-fold when used in combination with insulin.{40738} In vivo, tolazamide (128 mg/kg) reduces glomerulosclerosis and albumin excretion in a rat model of insulin-dependent diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{40739} Formulations containing tolazamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:23545 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolazamide is a first generation sulfonylurea that inhibits sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to the inwardly rectifying potassium channel (KIR6.2; IC50 = 4.2 µM in HEK293 cells transfected with the human receptor).{36318} It has no effect on glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells when used at a concentration of 0.6 mg/mL but enhances glucose uptake two-fold when used in combination with insulin.{40738} In vivo, tolazamide (128 mg/kg) reduces glomerulosclerosis and albumin excretion in a rat model of insulin-dependent diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{40739} Formulations containing tolazamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:23545 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolazamide is a first generation sulfonylurea that inhibits sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to the inwardly rectifying potassium channel (KIR6.2; IC50 = 4.2 µM in HEK293 cells transfected with the human receptor).{36318} It has no effect on glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells when used at a concentration of 0.6 mg/mL but enhances glucose uptake two-fold when used in combination with insulin.{40738} In vivo, tolazamide (128 mg/kg) reduces glomerulosclerosis and albumin excretion in a rat model of insulin-dependent diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{40739} Formulations containing tolazamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:23545 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolazoline is a competitive α1- and α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist (pKis ~6.5) well-known for its peripheral vasodilator effects in animal models.{30609,30610} It also is reported to produce histamine-like effects that are sensitive to histamine H2-receptor antagonism in whole animals and a variety of isolated tissues.{30608} Certain α2-adrenergic receptor antagonists, including tolazoline, are most commonly used in veterinary medicine as reversal agents for the sedative effects of α2-adrenergic receptor agonists such as xylazine (Item No. 14113).{30610}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Tolazoline is a competitive α1- and α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist (pKis ~6.5) well-known for its peripheral vasodilator effects in animal models.{30609,30610} It also is reported to produce histamine-like effects that are sensitive to histamine H2-receptor antagonism in whole animals and a variety of isolated tissues.{30608} Certain α2-adrenergic receptor antagonists, including tolazoline, are most commonly used in veterinary medicine as reversal agents for the sedative effects of α2-adrenergic receptor agonists such as xylazine (Item No. 14113).{30610}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Tolazoline is a competitive α1- and α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist (pKis ~6.5) well-known for its peripheral vasodilator effects in animal models.{30609,30610} It also is reported to produce histamine-like effects that are sensitive to histamine H2-receptor antagonism in whole animals and a variety of isolated tissues.{30608} Certain α2-adrenergic receptor antagonists, including tolazoline, are most commonly used in veterinary medicine as reversal agents for the sedative effects of α2-adrenergic receptor agonists such as xylazine (Item No. 14113).{30610}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Tolbutamide is an inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2 (IC50 = 4.9 µM).{34125} It is selective for SUR1/Kir6.2 over SUR2A/Kir6.2 and SUR2B/Kir6.2 channels (IC50s = 85 and 88 µM, respectively). Tolbutamide increases glucose-induced insulin secretion and calcium influx in isolated mouse pancreatic islets.{54189} In vivo, tolbutamide (80 mg/kg) reduces blood glucose levels in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104).{54190} Formulations containing tolbutamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19888 -Available on backorder
Tolbutamide is an inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2 (IC50 = 4.9 µM).{34125} It is selective for SUR1/Kir6.2 over SUR2A/Kir6.2 and SUR2B/Kir6.2 channels (IC50s = 85 and 88 µM, respectively). Tolbutamide increases glucose-induced insulin secretion and calcium influx in isolated mouse pancreatic islets.{54189} In vivo, tolbutamide (80 mg/kg) reduces blood glucose levels in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104).{54190} Formulations containing tolbutamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19888 -Available on backorder
Tolbutamide is an inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2 (IC50 = 4.9 µM).{34125} It is selective for SUR1/Kir6.2 over SUR2A/Kir6.2 and SUR2B/Kir6.2 channels (IC50s = 85 and 88 µM, respectively). Tolbutamide increases glucose-induced insulin secretion and calcium influx in isolated mouse pancreatic islets.{54189} In vivo, tolbutamide (80 mg/kg) reduces blood glucose levels in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104).{54190} Formulations containing tolbutamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19888 -Available on backorder
Tolbutamide is an inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2 (IC50 = 4.9 µM).{34125} It is selective for SUR1/Kir6.2 over SUR2A/Kir6.2 and SUR2B/Kir6.2 channels (IC50s = 85 and 88 µM, respectively). Tolbutamide increases glucose-induced insulin secretion and calcium influx in isolated mouse pancreatic islets.{54189} In vivo, tolbutamide (80 mg/kg) reduces blood glucose levels in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104).{54190} Formulations containing tolbutamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19888 -Available on backorder
Tolbutamide-d9 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolbutamide (Item No. 19888) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolbutamide is an inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2 (IC50 = 4.9 µM).{34125} It is selective for SUR1/Kir6.2 over SUR2A/Kir6.2 and SUR2B/Kir6.2 channels (IC50s = 85 and 88 µM, respectively). Tolbutamide increases glucose-induced insulin secretion and calcium influx in isolated mouse pancreatic islets.{54189} In vivo, tolbutamide (80 mg/kg) reduces blood glucose levels in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104).{54190} Formulations containing tolbutamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:30738 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolbutamide-d9 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolbutamide (Item No. 19888) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolbutamide is an inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2 (IC50 = 4.9 µM).{34125} It is selective for SUR1/Kir6.2 over SUR2A/Kir6.2 and SUR2B/Kir6.2 channels (IC50s = 85 and 88 µM, respectively). Tolbutamide increases glucose-induced insulin secretion and calcium influx in isolated mouse pancreatic islets.{54189} In vivo, tolbutamide (80 mg/kg) reduces blood glucose levels in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104).{54190} Formulations containing tolbutamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:30738 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolbutamide-d9 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolbutamide (Item No. 19888) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolbutamide is an inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) linked to ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2 (IC50 = 4.9 µM).{34125} It is selective for SUR1/Kir6.2 over SUR2A/Kir6.2 and SUR2B/Kir6.2 channels (IC50s = 85 and 88 µM, respectively). Tolbutamide increases glucose-induced insulin secretion and calcium influx in isolated mouse pancreatic islets.{54189} In vivo, tolbutamide (80 mg/kg) reduces blood glucose levels in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104).{54190} Formulations containing tolbutamide have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Brand:CaymanSKU:30738 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolcapone is a reversible inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; Ki = 0.27 nM for human recombinant COMT), an enzyme that degrades catecholamines, including dopamine and L-DOPA (Item No. 13248).{42962,22704} Tolcapone crosses the blood brain barrier and can inhibit both peripheral and central COMT activity.{32113,22703} By inhibiting COMT, tolcapone increases L-DOPA efficacy and reduces L-DOPA-induced motor complications in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.{32113}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20768 -Available on backorder
Tolcapone is a reversible inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; Ki = 0.27 nM for human recombinant COMT), an enzyme that degrades catecholamines, including dopamine and L-DOPA (Item No. 13248).{42962,22704} Tolcapone crosses the blood brain barrier and can inhibit both peripheral and central COMT activity.{32113,22703} By inhibiting COMT, tolcapone increases L-DOPA efficacy and reduces L-DOPA-induced motor complications in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.{32113}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20768 -Available on backorder
Tolcapone is a reversible inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; Ki = 0.27 nM for human recombinant COMT), an enzyme that degrades catecholamines, including dopamine and L-DOPA (Item No. 13248).{42962,22704} Tolcapone crosses the blood brain barrier and can inhibit both peripheral and central COMT activity.{32113,22703} By inhibiting COMT, tolcapone increases L-DOPA efficacy and reduces L-DOPA-induced motor complications in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.{32113}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20768 -Available on backorder
Tolcapone is a reversible inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; Ki = 0.27 nM for human recombinant COMT), an enzyme that degrades catecholamines, including dopamine and L-DOPA (Item No. 13248).{42962,22704} Tolcapone crosses the blood brain barrier and can inhibit both peripheral and central COMT activity.{32113,22703} By inhibiting COMT, tolcapone increases L-DOPA efficacy and reduces L-DOPA-induced motor complications in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.{32113}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20768 -Available on backorder
Tolcapone-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolcapone (Item No. 20768) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolcapone is a reversible inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; Ki = 0.27 nM for human recombinant COMT), an enzyme that degrades catecholamines, including dopamine (Item No. 21992) and L-DOPA (Item No. 13248).{42962,22704} Tolcapone crosses the blood brain barrier and can inhibit both peripheral and central COMT activity.{32113,22703} By inhibiting COMT, tolcapone increases L-DOPA efficacy and reduces L-DOPA-induced motor complications in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.{32113}
Brand:CaymanSKU:28697 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolfenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anticancer activity.{52184,1819,52185,52186,52187} It is selective for COX-2 over COX-1 in canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells (IC50s = 3.53 and >51.2 μg/ml, respectively).{52184} Tolfenamic acid inhibits calcium influx in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP; Item No. 21495) or the calcium ionophore A23187 (Item Nos. 11016 | 22030) in a concentration-dependent manner.{1819} It decreases protein levels of the transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 in PANC-1 and L3.6pl cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM and inhibits proliferation of PANC-1, L3.6pl, and PANC-28 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.{52186} Tolfenamic acid (50 and 100 μM) decreases the viability of and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.{52187} It reduces tumor growth in an MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid (150 μmol/kg) reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice by 24%.{52185}
Brand:CaymanSKU:70480 - 10 gAvailable on backorder
Tolfenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anticancer activity.{52184,1819,52185,52186,52187} It is selective for COX-2 over COX-1 in canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells (IC50s = 3.53 and >51.2 μg/ml, respectively).{52184} Tolfenamic acid inhibits calcium influx in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP; Item No. 21495) or the calcium ionophore A23187 (Item Nos. 11016 | 22030) in a concentration-dependent manner.{1819} It decreases protein levels of the transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 in PANC-1 and L3.6pl cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM and inhibits proliferation of PANC-1, L3.6pl, and PANC-28 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.{52186} Tolfenamic acid (50 and 100 μM) decreases the viability of and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.{52187} It reduces tumor growth in an MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid (150 μmol/kg) reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice by 24%.{52185}
Brand:CaymanSKU:70480 - 25 gAvailable on backorder
Tolfenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anticancer activity.{52184,1819,52185,52186,52187} It is selective for COX-2 over COX-1 in canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells (IC50s = 3.53 and >51.2 μg/ml, respectively).{52184} Tolfenamic acid inhibits calcium influx in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP; Item No. 21495) or the calcium ionophore A23187 (Item Nos. 11016 | 22030) in a concentration-dependent manner.{1819} It decreases protein levels of the transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 in PANC-1 and L3.6pl cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM and inhibits proliferation of PANC-1, L3.6pl, and PANC-28 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.{52186} Tolfenamic acid (50 and 100 μM) decreases the viability of and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.{52187} It reduces tumor growth in an MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid (150 μmol/kg) reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice by 24%.{52185}
Brand:CaymanSKU:70480 - 5 gAvailable on backorder
Tolfenamic acid-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolfenamic acid (Item No. 70480) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolfenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anticancer activity.{52184,1819,52185,52186,52187} It is selective for COX-2 over COX-1 in canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells (IC50s = 3.53 and >51.2 μg/ml, respectively).{52184} Tolfenamic acid inhibits calcium influx in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP; Item No. 21495) or the calcium ionophore A23187 (Item Nos. 11016 | 22030) in a concentration-dependent manner.{1819} It decreases protein levels of the transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 in PANC-1 and L3.6pl cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM and inhibits proliferation of PANC-1, L3.6pl, and PANC-28 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.{52186} Tolfenamic acid (50 and 100 μM) decreases the viability of and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.{52187} It reduces tumor growth in an MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid (150 μmol/kg) reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice by 24%.{52185}
Brand:CaymanSKU:28700 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolfenamic acid-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolfenamic acid (Item No. 70480) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolfenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anticancer activity.{52184,1819,52185,52186,52187} It is selective for COX-2 over COX-1 in canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells (IC50s = 3.53 and >51.2 μg/ml, respectively).{52184} Tolfenamic acid inhibits calcium influx in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP; Item No. 21495) or the calcium ionophore A23187 (Item Nos. 11016 | 22030) in a concentration-dependent manner.{1819} It decreases protein levels of the transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 in PANC-1 and L3.6pl cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM and inhibits proliferation of PANC-1, L3.6pl, and PANC-28 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.{52186} Tolfenamic acid (50 and 100 μM) decreases the viability of and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.{52187} It reduces tumor growth in an MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid (150 μmol/kg) reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice by 24%.{52185}
Brand:CaymanSKU:28700 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like their counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, mouse and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. TLR2 is differentially expressed in human cells. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection. In mice, TLR1 interacts with TLR2 and coexpression of TLR1 and TLR2 enhances the NF-kB activation in response to a synthetic lipopeptide. Together, they recognize the lipid configuration of the native mycobacterial lipoprotein as well as several triacylated lipopeptides.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13582 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: peptide from human TLR1 within the region of amino acids 400-450 • Host: rabbit • Cross Reactivity: (+) human, mouse, and rat TLR1 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface) and WB • TLR1 interacts with TLR2 and coexpression of TLR1 and TLR2 enhances the NF-kB activation in response to a synthetic lipopeptide. Together, they recognize the lipid configuration of the native mycobacterial lipoprotein as well as several triacylated lipopeptides.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13582- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: peptide from human TLR1 within the region of amino acids 400-450 • Host: rabbit • Cross Reactivity: (+) human, mouse, and rat TLR1 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface) and WB • TLR1 interacts with TLR2 and coexpression of TLR1 and TLR2 enhances the NF-kB activation in response to a synthetic lipopeptide. Together, they recognize the lipid configuration of the native mycobacterial lipoprotein as well as several triacylated lipopeptides.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13582- 1 ea
The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like its counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, mouse and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection. TLR12 displays a distinct pattern of expression in macrophages, liver, kidney, and bladder epithelial cells. TLR12 does not respond to known TLR ligands.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13586 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: mouse TLR12 amino acids 911-926 • Host: rabbit • Cross Reactivity: (+) mouse and rat TLR12 • Application(s): FC (intracellular) and WB • TLR12 displays a distinct pattern of expression in macrophages, liver, kidney, and bladder epithelial cells. TLR12 does not respond to known TLR ligands.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13586- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: mouse TLR12 amino acids 911-926 • Host: rabbit • Cross Reactivity: (+) mouse and rat TLR12 • Application(s): FC (intracellular) and WB • TLR12 displays a distinct pattern of expression in macrophages, liver, kidney, and bladder epithelial cells. TLR12 does not respond to known TLR ligands.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13586- 1 ea
The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like their counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, murine and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. TLR2 is differentially expressed in human cells. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells, and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13587 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: CHO cells transfected with human TLR2 cDNA • Host: mouse, clone TL2.1 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and canine TLR2 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC, IP, and WB • TLR2 interacts with TLR1 and coexpression of TLR1 and TLR2 enhances the NF-kB activation in response to a synthetic lipopeptide. Together, they recognize the lipid configuration of the native mycobacterial lipoprotein as well as several triacylated lipopeptides.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13587- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: CHO cells transfected with human TLR2 cDNA • Host: mouse, clone TL2.1 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and canine TLR2 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC, IP, and WB • TLR2 interacts with TLR1 and coexpression of TLR1 and TLR2 enhances the NF-kB activation in response to a synthetic lipopeptide. Together, they recognize the lipid configuration of the native mycobacterial lipoprotein as well as several triacylated lipopeptides.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13587- 1 ea The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like their counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, mouse and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection. TLR3 cDNA codes for a protein with approximate molecular weight of 120 kDa.{17488} TLR3 has a restricted expression pattern being expressed in dendritic cells (DC).{17488,17489,17490} The expression of TLR3 in a single cell type may indicate a specific role for this molecule in a restricted setting.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13588 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: human TLR3 amino acids 55-70 • Host: mouse, clone 40C1285.6 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and canine TLR3 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC, IP, and WB • TLR3 has a restricted expression pattern being expressed in dendritic cells. The expression of TLR3 in a single cell type may indicate a specific role for this molecule in a restricted setting.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13588- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: human TLR3 amino acids 55-70 • Host: mouse, clone 40C1285.6 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and canine TLR3 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC, IP, and WB • TLR3 has a restricted expression pattern being expressed in dendritic cells. The expression of TLR3 in a single cell type may indicate a specific role for this molecule in a restricted setting.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13588- 1 ea The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like their counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, mouse and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection. Among this family of receptors TLR2 and TLR4 have been most studied. These studies have suggested that TLR2 and TLR4 may serve as potential main mediators of LPS signaling.{17497,17500} The TLR4 cDNA codes for a protein consisting of 799 amino acids with approximate molecular weight of 88 kDa.{17501}
Brand:CaymanSKU:13589 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: Ba/F3 cell line expressing human TLR4 cell surface antigen • Isotype: IgG2aK • Host: mouse, clone HTA125 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and canine TLR4 • Application(s): FC (cell surface and intracellular), ICC, IP, and neutralization • TLR4 is mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition and serves as one of the main mediators of LPS signaling.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13589- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: Ba/F3 cell line expressing human TLR4 cell surface antigen • Isotype: IgG2aK • Host: mouse, clone HTA125 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and canine TLR4 • Application(s): FC (cell surface and intracellular), ICC, IP, and neutralization • TLR4 is mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition and serves as one of the main mediators of LPS signaling.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13589- 1 ea
A potential treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is to induce immune cell-derived interferon (IFN) production using synthetic agonists of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7). TLR7 ligand II is an orally bioavailable 8-hydroxyadenine analog that induces IFN production by binding to TLR7 on immune cells.{28465,28466} It induces IFNα in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with an EC50 value of 0.14 µM.{28466} At 10 µM, TLR7 ligand II was shown to reduce HCV levels by 60% in 24 hours in the human hepatocyte cell line Huh7, which carries a HCV replicon.{28467} It induces IFN in mice with a minimal effective dose of approximately 0.03 mg/kg, making it approximately 100-fold more potent than imiquimod (Item No. 14956).{28465}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
A potential treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is to induce immune cell-derived interferon (IFN) production using synthetic agonists of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7). TLR7 ligand II is an orally bioavailable 8-hydroxyadenine analog that induces IFN production by binding to TLR7 on immune cells.{28465,28466} It induces IFNα in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with an EC50 value of 0.14 µM.{28466} At 10 µM, TLR7 ligand II was shown to reduce HCV levels by 60% in 24 hours in the human hepatocyte cell line Huh7, which carries a HCV replicon.{28467} It induces IFN in mice with a minimal effective dose of approximately 0.03 mg/kg, making it approximately 100-fold more potent than imiquimod (Item No. 14956).{28465}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like their counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, mouse and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection. Stimulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by TLR7 suggests that it plays a role in immune response.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13591 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: human TLR7 amino acids 706-728 • Host: rabbit • Cross Reactivity: (+) human, mouse, and rat TLR7 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC (frozen and paraffin-embedded sections), IP, and WB • Stimulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by TLR7 suggests that it plays a role in immune response.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13591- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: human TLR7 amino acids 706-728 • Host: rabbit • Cross Reactivity: (+) human, mouse, and rat TLR7 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC (frozen and paraffin-embedded sections), IP, and WB • Stimulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by TLR7 suggests that it plays a role in immune response.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13591- 1 ea
The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like their counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, mouse and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection. The TLR8 gene contains three exons, two of which have coding function.{17573} TLR8 cDNA codes for a protein of approximate molecular weight of 120 kDa.{17573,17574}
Brand:CaymanSKU:13592 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: peptide from human TLR8 within the region of amino acids 750-850 • Host: mouse, clone 44C143 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and mouse TLR8 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), IHC (paraffin-embedded sections), and WB • TLRs mediate innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition. The TLR8 gene contains three exons, two of which have coding function.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13592- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: peptide from human TLR8 within the region of amino acids 750-850 • Host: mouse, clone 44C143 • Cross Reactivity: (+) human and mouse TLR8 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), IHC (paraffin-embedded sections), and WB • TLRs mediate innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition. The TLR8 gene contains three exons, two of which have coding function.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13592- 1 ea
The toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammals comprise a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like their counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules.{17463} The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition.{17464} Most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of TLRs. Ten functional TLRs (TLR1-10) have been identified in human. Humans also encode a TLR11 gene but it contains several stop codons and protein is not expressed. However, mouse and rat TLR11 are functional, and it is thought that human TLR11 function was lost during evolution. Historically speaking, TLR expression has been most extensively studied in the immune system. Overall, TLRs are highly expressed in immune competent cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mucosal epithelial cells and dermal endothelial cells. However, TLRs have also been identified in many other cell types and anatomical tissue locations where they are expressed either constitutively or induced during infection. Gene knockout experiments suggest that TLR9 acts as a receptor for unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA.{17576} Human and mouse TLR9 share an overall amino acid identity of 75.5%. TLR9 is highly expressed in spleen.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13593 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: human TLR9 amino acids 268-284 • Host: mouse, clone 26C593.2 • Cross Reactivity: (+) canine, equine, human, mouse, rat, and Rhesus monkey TLR9 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC (frozen and paraffin), and WB • Gene knockout experiments suggest that TLR9 acts as a receptor for unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA.TLR9 is highly expressed in spleen.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13593- 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Antigen: human TLR9 amino acids 268-284 • Host: mouse, clone 26C593.2 • Cross Reactivity: (+) canine, equine, human, mouse, rat, and Rhesus monkey TLR9 • Application(s): FC (intracellular and cell surface), ICC, IHC (frozen and paraffin), and WB • Gene knockout experiments suggest that TLR9 acts as a receptor for unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA.TLR9 is highly expressed in spleen.
Brand:CaymanSKU:13593- 1 ea
Tolmetin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that non-selectively inhibits human COX-1 and -2 with IC50 values of 0.35 and 0.82 µM, respectively.{8427} It also inhibits aldo-keto reductases (e.g., IC50 = 2.39 µM for human aldose reductase), a family of enzymes that catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of carbonyl groups in a number of important steroid, metabolic, and prostanoid molecules.{27311,29322}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Tolmetin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that non-selectively inhibits human COX-1 and -2 with IC50 values of 0.35 and 0.82 µM, respectively.{8427} It also inhibits aldo-keto reductases (e.g., IC50 = 2.39 µM for human aldose reductase), a family of enzymes that catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of carbonyl groups in a number of important steroid, metabolic, and prostanoid molecules.{27311,29322}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Tolmetin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that non-selectively inhibits human COX-1 and -2 with IC50 values of 0.35 and 0.82 µM, respectively.{8427} It also inhibits aldo-keto reductases (e.g., IC50 = 2.39 µM for human aldose reductase), a family of enzymes that catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of carbonyl groups in a number of important steroid, metabolic, and prostanoid molecules.{27311,29322}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Tolmetin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that non-selectively inhibits human COX-1 and -2 with IC50 values of 0.35 and 0.82 µM, respectively.{8427} It also inhibits aldo-keto reductases (e.g., IC50 = 2.39 µM for human aldose reductase), a family of enzymes that catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of carbonyl groups in a number of important steroid, metabolic, and prostanoid molecules.{27311,29322}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Tolmetin β-D-glucuronide is a major phase II metabolite of tolmetin (Item No. 18195).{38051} Tolmetin β-D-glucuronide has been classified into a ‘warning’ category in terms of its potential to cause idiosyncratic drug toxicity, based on its half-life in several in vitro systems.{38052}
Brand:CaymanSKU:22161 -Out of stock
Tolnaftate is a thiocarbamate antifungal agent.{53200} It is active against clinical isolates of the dermatophytes T. rubrum, T. mentagraphytes, T. verrucosum, E. floccosum, and M. canis (MIC50s = 50, 100, 6, 50, and 50 ng/ml, respectively), as well as 18 additional yeast and filamentous fungi species (MIC = 0.003-0.8 µg/ml).{17905},{25586} Tolnaftate also reduces aflatoxin production in A. parasiticus in a concentration-dependent manner.{53199} It inhibits squalene epoxidase with an IC50 value of 12.5 µg/ml in a cell-free assay.{53200}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21446 -Out of stock
Tolnaftate is a thiocarbamate antifungal agent.{53200} It is active against clinical isolates of the dermatophytes T. rubrum, T. mentagraphytes, T. verrucosum, E. floccosum, and M. canis (MIC50s = 50, 100, 6, 50, and 50 ng/ml, respectively), as well as 18 additional yeast and filamentous fungi species (MIC = 0.003-0.8 µg/ml).{17905},{25586} Tolnaftate also reduces aflatoxin production in A. parasiticus in a concentration-dependent manner.{53199} It inhibits squalene epoxidase with an IC50 value of 12.5 µg/ml in a cell-free assay.{53200}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21446 -Out of stock
Tolnaftate is a thiocarbamate antifungal agent.{53200} It is active against clinical isolates of the dermatophytes T. rubrum, T. mentagraphytes, T. verrucosum, E. floccosum, and M. canis (MIC50s = 50, 100, 6, 50, and 50 ng/ml, respectively), as well as 18 additional yeast and filamentous fungi species (MIC = 0.003-0.8 µg/ml).{17905},{25586} Tolnaftate also reduces aflatoxin production in A. parasiticus in a concentration-dependent manner.{53199} It inhibits squalene epoxidase with an IC50 value of 12.5 µg/ml in a cell-free assay.{53200}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21446 -Out of stock
Tolnaftate is a thiocarbamate antifungal agent.{53200} It is active against clinical isolates of the dermatophytes T. rubrum, T. mentagraphytes, T. verrucosum, E. floccosum, and M. canis (MIC50s = 50, 100, 6, 50, and 50 ng/ml, respectively), as well as 18 additional yeast and filamentous fungi species (MIC = 0.003-0.8 µg/ml).{17905},{25586} Tolnaftate also reduces aflatoxin production in A. parasiticus in a concentration-dependent manner.{53199} It inhibits squalene epoxidase with an IC50 value of 12.5 µg/ml in a cell-free assay.{53200}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21446 -Out of stock
Tolnaftate-d7 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolnaftate (Item No. 21446) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolnaftate is a thiocarbamate antifungal agent.{53200} It is active against clinical isolates of the dermatophytes T. rubrum, T. mentagraphytes, T. verrucosum, E. floccosum, and M. canis (MIC50s = 50, 100, 6, 50, and 50 ng/ml, respectively), as well as 18 additional yeast and filamentous fungi species (MIC = 0.003-0.8 µg/ml).{17905,25586} Tolnaftate also reduces aflatoxin production in A. parasiticus in a concentration-dependent manner.{53199} It inhibits squalene epoxidase with an IC50 value of 12.5 µg/ml in a cell-free assay.{53200}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29048 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolnaftate-d7 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolnaftate (Item No. 21446) by GC- or LC-MS. Tolnaftate is a thiocarbamate antifungal agent.{53200} It is active against clinical isolates of the dermatophytes T. rubrum, T. mentagraphytes, T. verrucosum, E. floccosum, and M. canis (MIC50s = 50, 100, 6, 50, and 50 ng/ml, respectively), as well as 18 additional yeast and filamentous fungi species (MIC = 0.003-0.8 µg/ml).{17905,25586} Tolnaftate also reduces aflatoxin production in A. parasiticus in a concentration-dependent manner.{53199} It inhibits squalene epoxidase with an IC50 value of 12.5 µg/ml in a cell-free assay.{53200}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29048 - 500 µgAvailable on backorder
Tolperisone is a piperidine that acts as an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels with an IC50 value of 198 µM, for inhibition of peak sodium currents evoked by step depolarizations in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, in vitro.{34788} Tolperisone acts as an antispastic agent that attenuates monosynaptic, disynaptic, and polysynaptic reflux response to dorsal root stimulation in vivo. Formulations containing tolperisone are used as analgesics and muscle relaxants.
Brand:CaymanSKU:26078 - 1 gAvailable on backorder
Tolperisone is a piperidine that acts as an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels with an IC50 value of 198 µM, for inhibition of peak sodium currents evoked by step depolarizations in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, in vitro.{34788} Tolperisone acts as an antispastic agent that attenuates monosynaptic, disynaptic, and polysynaptic reflux response to dorsal root stimulation in vivo. Formulations containing tolperisone are used as analgesics and muscle relaxants.
Brand:CaymanSKU:26078 - 250 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolperisone is a piperidine that acts as an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels with an IC50 value of 198 µM, for inhibition of peak sodium currents evoked by step depolarizations in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, in vitro.{34788} Tolperisone acts as an antispastic agent that attenuates monosynaptic, disynaptic, and polysynaptic reflux response to dorsal root stimulation in vivo. Formulations containing tolperisone are used as analgesics and muscle relaxants.
Brand:CaymanSKU:26078 - 5 gAvailable on backorder
Tolperisone is a piperidine that acts as an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels with an IC50 value of 198 µM, for inhibition of peak sodium currents evoked by step depolarizations in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, in vitro.{34788} Tolperisone acts as an antispastic agent that attenuates monosynaptic, disynaptic, and polysynaptic reflux response to dorsal root stimulation in vivo. Formulations containing tolperisone are used as analgesics and muscle relaxants.
Brand:CaymanSKU:26078 - 500 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolperisone-d10 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolperisone by GC- or LC-MS. Tolperisone is a piperidine that acts as an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels with an IC50 value of 198 µM, for inhibition of peak sodium currents evoked by step depolarizations in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, in vitro.{34788} Tolperisone acts as an antispastic agent that attenuates monosynaptic, disynaptic, and polysynaptic reflux response to dorsal root stimulation in vivo. Formulations containing tolperisone are used as analgesics and muscle relaxants.
Brand:CaymanSKU:22592 -Out of stock
Tolperisone-d10 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tolperisone by GC- or LC-MS. Tolperisone is a piperidine that acts as an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels with an IC50 value of 198 µM, for inhibition of peak sodium currents evoked by step depolarizations in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, in vitro.{34788} Tolperisone acts as an antispastic agent that attenuates monosynaptic, disynaptic, and polysynaptic reflux response to dorsal root stimulation in vivo. Formulations containing tolperisone are used as analgesics and muscle relaxants.
Brand:CaymanSKU:22592 -Out of stock
Tolrestat is an aldose reductase inhibitor (IC50 = 35 nM for the bovine lens enzyme).{46762} Dietary administration of tolrestat decreases sciatic nerve galactitol accumulation in a rat model of galactosemia (ED50 = 7.3 mg/kg per day) and sciatic nerve sorbitol accumulation (ED50 = 4.8 mg/kg per day) in a rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104). It also decreases urinary total protein exretion in a rat model of STZ-induced diabetes when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg per day.{46764} Topical administration of tolrestat (2 and 3% in 10 μl four times per day) decreases levels of galactitol in the lens of and inhibits cataract formation in rats fed a high-galactose diet.{46763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29693 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolrestat is an aldose reductase inhibitor (IC50 = 35 nM for the bovine lens enzyme).{46762} Dietary administration of tolrestat decreases sciatic nerve galactitol accumulation in a rat model of galactosemia (ED50 = 7.3 mg/kg per day) and sciatic nerve sorbitol accumulation (ED50 = 4.8 mg/kg per day) in a rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104). It also decreases urinary total protein exretion in a rat model of STZ-induced diabetes when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg per day.{46764} Topical administration of tolrestat (2 and 3% in 10 μl four times per day) decreases levels of galactitol in the lens of and inhibits cataract formation in rats fed a high-galactose diet.{46763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29693 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolrestat is an aldose reductase inhibitor (IC50 = 35 nM for the bovine lens enzyme).{46762} Dietary administration of tolrestat decreases sciatic nerve galactitol accumulation in a rat model of galactosemia (ED50 = 7.3 mg/kg per day) and sciatic nerve sorbitol accumulation (ED50 = 4.8 mg/kg per day) in a rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104). It also decreases urinary total protein exretion in a rat model of STZ-induced diabetes when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg per day.{46764} Topical administration of tolrestat (2 and 3% in 10 μl four times per day) decreases levels of galactitol in the lens of and inhibits cataract formation in rats fed a high-galactose diet.{46763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29693 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolrestat is an aldose reductase inhibitor (IC50 = 35 nM for the bovine lens enzyme).{46762} Dietary administration of tolrestat decreases sciatic nerve galactitol accumulation in a rat model of galactosemia (ED50 = 7.3 mg/kg per day) and sciatic nerve sorbitol accumulation (ED50 = 4.8 mg/kg per day) in a rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ; Item No. 13104). It also decreases urinary total protein exretion in a rat model of STZ-induced diabetes when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg per day.{46764} Topical administration of tolrestat (2 and 3% in 10 μl four times per day) decreases levels of galactitol in the lens of and inhibits cataract formation in rats fed a high-galactose diet.{46763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29693 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Tolterodine (tartrate) is a competitive antagonist of muscarinic (M) receptors (Ki = 1.4, 2.7, 3.6, 3.1, and 2.2 nM for M1 through M5, respectively).{22772} Antagonists of muscarinic receptors, including tolterodine, are effective in treating overactive bladder symptoms.{22773}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Tolterodine (tartrate) is a competitive antagonist of muscarinic (M) receptors (Ki = 1.4, 2.7, 3.6, 3.1, and 2.2 nM for M1 through M5, respectively).{22772} Antagonists of muscarinic receptors, including tolterodine, are effective in treating overactive bladder symptoms.{22773}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Tolterodine (tartrate) is a competitive antagonist of muscarinic (M) receptors (Ki = 1.4, 2.7, 3.6, 3.1, and 2.2 nM for M1 through M5, respectively).{22772} Antagonists of muscarinic receptors, including tolterodine, are effective in treating overactive bladder symptoms.{22773}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal agent that is widely used to prevent coccidia parasite infection in veterinary applications.{32761,32762,32764,32763} The effectiveness of treatment appears to depend on the coccidian species, development stage of the parasite, and level of infection.{32761,32763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20767 -Available on backorder
Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal agent that is widely used to prevent coccidia parasite infection in veterinary applications.{32761,32762,32764,32763} The effectiveness of treatment appears to depend on the coccidian species, development stage of the parasite, and level of infection.{32761,32763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20767 -Available on backorder
Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal agent that is widely used to prevent coccidia parasite infection in veterinary applications.{32761,32762,32764,32763} The effectiveness of treatment appears to depend on the coccidian species, development stage of the parasite, and level of infection.{32761,32763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20767 -Available on backorder
Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal agent that is widely used to prevent coccidia parasite infection in veterinary applications.{32761,32762,32764,32763} The effectiveness of treatment appears to depend on the coccidian species, development stage of the parasite, and level of infection.{32761,32763}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20767 -Available on backorder
Toltrazuril sulfone is an active metabolite of the coccidiostat toltrazuril (Item No. 20767).{46798} Toltrazuril sulfone is formed from toltrazuril via the intermediate metabolite toltrazuril sulfoxide by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, including CYP3A. It inhibits T. gondii tachyzoite production in African green monkey kidney cells when used at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 5 µg/ml.{46799} Toltrazuril sulfone completely prevents infection with T. gondii tachyzoites in a mouse model of fatal toxoplasmosis when administered at doses of 10 or 20 mg/kg one day prior to, and daily for 10 days following, infection. It also reduces the number of infected mice in the same model when administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 11 days starting six days following infection. Formulations containing toltrazuril sulfone have been used in the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses.
Brand:CaymanSKU:29655 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder