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Showing 36901–37050 of 45550 results
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Pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazine is a lipophilic, nontoxic, iron-chelating agent that shows high iron chelation efficacy both in vitro in cell culture models and in vivo in rats and mice.{30829,30832} Because iron is a crucial component of metabolic pathways involved in DNA synthesis, cancerous cells have a high iron requirement due to rapid rates of proliferation. While pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazine exhibits low anticancer activity, its analogs demonstrate antiproliferative effects in a range of tumor cells.{30828,30831,30830}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Pyridoxatin is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Acremonium with diverse biological activities.{43929} It inhibits production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in vitro (IC50 = 0.55 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin inhibits hemolysis induced by the free radical generator AAPH in rat erythrocytes (IC50 = 1.95 μg/ml). It is active against C. albicans (MIC = 1.64 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin is cytotoxic in a panel of 21 cancer cell lines (EC50s = 0.10-7.04 μg/ml).{43930} It also inhibits gelatinase A (IC50 = 15.2 μM).
Brand:CaymanSKU:27607 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyridoxatin is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Acremonium with diverse biological activities.{43929} It inhibits production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in vitro (IC50 = 0.55 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin inhibits hemolysis induced by the free radical generator AAPH in rat erythrocytes (IC50 = 1.95 μg/ml). It is active against C. albicans (MIC = 1.64 μg/ml). Pyridoxatin is cytotoxic in a panel of 21 cancer cell lines (EC50s = 0.10-7.04 μg/ml).{43930} It also inhibits gelatinase A (IC50 = 15.2 μM).
Brand:CaymanSKU:27607 - 500 µgAvailable on backorder
Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20706 -Available on backorder
Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20706 -Available on backorder
Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20706 -Available on backorder
Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20706 -Available on backorder
Pyridoxine-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of pyridoxine (Item No. 20706) by GC- or LC-MS. Pyridoxine is a 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 that is converted to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (Item No. 20352), the active form of vitamin B6 and an important cofactor for metabolism.{32678} Pyridoxine has been used in cell culture media as a precursor to pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.{45213}
Brand:CaymanSKU:28149 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Pyrimethamine is an antiprotozoal agent that is primarily active against P. falciparum, inhibiting the protozoal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).{26927} By blocking DHFR activity, pyrimethamine prevents the production of tetrahydrofolic acid, an essential coenzyme involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. In in vivo antimalarial mouse models, pyrimethamine displays a prophylactic effect at an ED50 value of 0.5 mg/kg.{26925} Sulphonamides act synergistically with pyrimethamine by arresting production of dihydrofolic acid, resulting in the sequential blockade of the folate pathway of protozoa.{26897} Pyrimethamine has also been found to limit the expression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, a metalloenzyme involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.{26926}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Brand:CaymanSKU:10007111 - 1 gAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:10007111 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:10007111 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:10007111 - 500 mgAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:10010564 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:10010564 - 250 mgAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:10010564 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:10010564 - 500 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (sodium salt) is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10007113 - 1 gAvailable on backorder
Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (sodium salt) is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10007113 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (sodium salt) is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10007113 - 500 mgAvailable on backorder
Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), unlike murine ESC, grow in vitro as large flattened two dimensional colonies.{23249} Dispersing these colonies, using trypsin to dissociate single hESC, results in massive cell death.{23249} Pyrintegrin is a 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine that, at 2 µM, enhances the survival of hESC more than 30-fold after trypsin-mediated dissociation.{23249} It increases integrin-dependent attachment of hESC to extracellular matrices, including Matrigel™ and laminin, without significantly impacting cell proliferation.{23249} Pyrintegrin increases the binding of the activated β1 integrin-specific antibody HUTS-21 and enhances the phosphorylation of multiple growth factor receptors and their downstream kinases, PI3K and MAPK.{23249}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), unlike murine ESC, grow in vitro as large flattened two dimensional colonies.{23249} Dispersing these colonies, using trypsin to dissociate single hESC, results in massive cell death.{23249} Pyrintegrin is a 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine that, at 2 µM, enhances the survival of hESC more than 30-fold after trypsin-mediated dissociation.{23249} It increases integrin-dependent attachment of hESC to extracellular matrices, including Matrigel™ and laminin, without significantly impacting cell proliferation.{23249} Pyrintegrin increases the binding of the activated β1 integrin-specific antibody HUTS-21 and enhances the phosphorylation of multiple growth factor receptors and their downstream kinases, PI3K and MAPK.{23249}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), unlike murine ESC, grow in vitro as large flattened two dimensional colonies.{23249} Dispersing these colonies, using trypsin to dissociate single hESC, results in massive cell death.{23249} Pyrintegrin is a 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine that, at 2 µM, enhances the survival of hESC more than 30-fold after trypsin-mediated dissociation.{23249} It increases integrin-dependent attachment of hESC to extracellular matrices, including Matrigel™ and laminin, without significantly impacting cell proliferation.{23249} Pyrintegrin increases the binding of the activated β1 integrin-specific antibody HUTS-21 and enhances the phosphorylation of multiple growth factor receptors and their downstream kinases, PI3K and MAPK.{23249}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine insecticide that mimics juvenile growth hormone, which prevents larvae from developing into reproduction-capable adults. The LD50 of pyriproxyfen in rats is >5,000 mg/kg, >1,300 mg/cubic meter/4 hours, and >2,000 mg/kg through oral, inhalation, or percutaneous dosing, respectively.{34241} It is used as a larvicide in the drinking water of 11 municipalities in Brazil and rumors suggested it may be correlated with the increase in cases of microcephaly in Brazil.{34234} The acceptable daily intake determined by the World Health Organization is 0.3 mg/L.{34240} The prevalence of microcephaly in Brazil is not higher in municipalities that use pyriproxyfen in the water supply, compared with municipalities that use the larvicide Bti.{34234} In addition, in zebrafish, even very high doses (0.1 µg/ml, compared with 0.01 µg/ml used in practice for pest control) pyriproxyfen does not induce microcephaly or other brain malformations.{34235} Formulations containing pyriproxyfen are used for flea control in dogs and as an insecticide for ants.{34236,34239}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21872 -Out of stock
Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine insecticide that mimics juvenile growth hormone, which prevents larvae from developing into reproduction-capable adults. The LD50 of pyriproxyfen in rats is >5,000 mg/kg, >1,300 mg/cubic meter/4 hours, and >2,000 mg/kg through oral, inhalation, or percutaneous dosing, respectively.{34241} It is used as a larvicide in the drinking water of 11 municipalities in Brazil and rumors suggested it may be correlated with the increase in cases of microcephaly in Brazil.{34234} The acceptable daily intake determined by the World Health Organization is 0.3 mg/L.{34240} The prevalence of microcephaly in Brazil is not higher in municipalities that use pyriproxyfen in the water supply, compared with municipalities that use the larvicide Bti.{34234} In addition, in zebrafish, even very high doses (0.1 µg/ml, compared with 0.01 µg/ml used in practice for pest control) pyriproxyfen does not induce microcephaly or other brain malformations.{34235} Formulations containing pyriproxyfen are used for flea control in dogs and as an insecticide for ants.{34236,34239}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21872 -Out of stock
Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is a key enzyme for cholesteryl ester accumulation in atherogenesis, lipoprotein formation in liver, and cholesterol absorption from intestines, all of which are events that contribute to the atherosclerotic process.{13122,14056} Two ACAT isozymes have been identified and are expressed in distinct tissues. ACAT1 is ubiquitously expressed at a high level in sebaceous glands, steroidogenic tissues, and macrophages, whereas ACAT2 is expressed predominantly in the liver and intestine.{11763} Pyripyropene A, naturally produced by A. fumigates, is a potent inhibitor of ACAT2 with an IC50 value of 70 nM in an in vitro activity assay.{21763,21761,21762} It demonstrates high selectivity for the ACAT2 isozyme, inhibiting ACAT1 in a similar assay with an IC50 value of > 80 μM.{21762} A dose of 10 to 100 mg/kg PPPA inhibits cholesterol absorption in mouse intestine by 30.5-55%.{21762} Oral administration to apolipoprotein E-knockout mice at 10-50 mg/kg per day for 12 weeks can lower the levels of plasma cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein, and LDL content, resulting in protection from atherosclerosis development.{21762}
Brand:CaymanSKU:11896 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is a key enzyme for cholesteryl ester accumulation in atherogenesis, lipoprotein formation in liver, and cholesterol absorption from intestines, all of which are events that contribute to the atherosclerotic process.{13122,14056} Two ACAT isozymes have been identified and are expressed in distinct tissues. ACAT1 is ubiquitously expressed at a high level in sebaceous glands, steroidogenic tissues, and macrophages, whereas ACAT2 is expressed predominantly in the liver and intestine.{11763} Pyripyropene A, naturally produced by A. fumigates, is a potent inhibitor of ACAT2 with an IC50 value of 70 nM in an in vitro activity assay.{21763,21761,21762} It demonstrates high selectivity for the ACAT2 isozyme, inhibiting ACAT1 in a similar assay with an IC50 value of > 80 μM.{21762} A dose of 10 to 100 mg/kg PPPA inhibits cholesterol absorption in mouse intestine by 30.5-55%.{21762} Oral administration to apolipoprotein E-knockout mice at 10-50 mg/kg per day for 12 weeks can lower the levels of plasma cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein, and LDL content, resulting in protection from atherosclerosis development.{21762}
Brand:CaymanSKU:11896 - 250 µgAvailable on backorder
Pyrithiamine is the pyridine analog of thiamine that prevents growth of organisms that require intact thiamine.{35137} It inhibits the growth of bacterial and fungal species at a pyrithiamine:thiamine ratio of 10:1 in growth media and induces symptoms of thiamine deficiency in mice at a dietary ratio of 3:1. These effects are reversible with addition of sufficient thiamine in all species. Pyrithiamine inhibits the formation of cocarboxylase from thiamine in chicken blood in a dose-dependent manner.{35139} It has been used to induce thiamine deficiency in various disease models, including rat models of alcoholism and diencephalic amnesia, to study the effects of thiamine deficiency on disease pathology.{35141,35143}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Pyrithiamine is the pyridine analog of thiamine that prevents growth of organisms that require intact thiamine.{35137} It inhibits the growth of bacterial and fungal species at a pyrithiamine:thiamine ratio of 10:1 in growth media and induces symptoms of thiamine deficiency in mice at a dietary ratio of 3:1. These effects are reversible with addition of sufficient thiamine in all species. Pyrithiamine inhibits the formation of cocarboxylase from thiamine in chicken blood in a dose-dependent manner.{35139} It has been used to induce thiamine deficiency in various disease models, including rat models of alcoholism and diencephalic amnesia, to study the effects of thiamine deficiency on disease pathology.{35141,35143}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Pyrithiamine is the pyridine analog of thiamine that prevents growth of organisms that require intact thiamine.{35137} It inhibits the growth of bacterial and fungal species at a pyrithiamine:thiamine ratio of 10:1 in growth media and induces symptoms of thiamine deficiency in mice at a dietary ratio of 3:1. These effects are reversible with addition of sufficient thiamine in all species. Pyrithiamine inhibits the formation of cocarboxylase from thiamine in chicken blood in a dose-dependent manner.{35139} It has been used to induce thiamine deficiency in various disease models, including rat models of alcoholism and diencephalic amnesia, to study the effects of thiamine deficiency on disease pathology.{35141,35143}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Pyrocoll is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces.{49000} It inhibits the growth of A. aurescens, A. globiformis, A. oxydans, A. pascens, and R. erythropolis bacteria (MICs = 10, 1, 10, 3, and 10 μg/ml, respectively) and HMO2, HepG2, and MCF-7 cancer cells (GI50s = 0.28, 0.42, and 2.2 μg/ml, respectively) in vitro. Pyrocoll is also active against P. falciparum and T. rhodesiense (IC50s = 1.19 and 1.97 μg/ml, respectively).
Brand:CaymanSKU:26464 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrocoll is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces.{49000} It inhibits the growth of A. aurescens, A. globiformis, A. oxydans, A. pascens, and R. erythropolis bacteria (MICs = 10, 1, 10, 3, and 10 μg/ml, respectively) and HMO2, HepG2, and MCF-7 cancer cells (GI50s = 0.28, 0.42, and 2.2 μg/ml, respectively) in vitro. Pyrocoll is also active against P. falciparum and T. rhodesiense (IC50s = 1.19 and 1.97 μg/ml, respectively).
Brand:CaymanSKU:26464 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20347 -Available on backorder
Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20347 -Available on backorder
Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20347 -Available on backorder
Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.{32348} Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.{32348} Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.{32348} It can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.{32347,25176} Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.{32352} In other biological systems, it is used as an O2- generator.{32351,10231} Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical (Item No. 14805) and ABTS+ in vitro.{32349} Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid (Item No. 11846) by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.{32350}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20347 -Available on backorder
Pyronaridine (PND) is a potent antimalarial compound developed in China over 40 years ago.{26530} It inhibits the growth of P. falciparum during the asexual stage and early gametocyte stages (I and II) with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.{26533,26534} PND is highly effective against artemisinin-resistant malaria and can be used in combination therapy, particularly with the artemisinin derivative, artesunate (Item No. 11817).{26531,26532} PND, alone or in combination with artesunate, prevents recrudescence of parasites.{26531} Resistance to pyronaridine may be linked to genetic variations in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1.{26534}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pyronaridine (PND) is a potent antimalarial compound developed in China over 40 years ago.{26530} It inhibits the growth of P. falciparum during the asexual stage and early gametocyte stages (I and II) with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.{26533,26534} PND is highly effective against artemisinin-resistant malaria and can be used in combination therapy, particularly with the artemisinin derivative, artesunate (Item No. 11817).{26531,26532} PND, alone or in combination with artesunate, prevents recrudescence of parasites.{26531} Resistance to pyronaridine may be linked to genetic variations in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1.{26534}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pyronaridine (PND) is a potent antimalarial compound developed in China over 40 years ago.{26530} It inhibits the growth of P. falciparum during the asexual stage and early gametocyte stages (I and II) with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.{26533,26534} PND is highly effective against artemisinin-resistant malaria and can be used in combination therapy, particularly with the artemisinin derivative, artesunate (Item No. 11817).{26531,26532} PND, alone or in combination with artesunate, prevents recrudescence of parasites.{26531} Resistance to pyronaridine may be linked to genetic variations in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1.{26534}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Pyronin Y is a fluorescent probe which stains double stranded RNA in living or fixed cells as well as in tissues.{22902,22900} When used in living cell preparations, it is commonly combined with 50-100 µM verapamil to prevent efflux of the dye. It has been used to ascertain the cell cycle state of stem cells and is amenable to flow cytometry.{22898,22901} Maximum excitation is at 540-550 nm, with maximum emission at 560-580 nm.
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pyronin Y is a fluorescent probe which stains double stranded RNA in living or fixed cells as well as in tissues.{22902,22900} When used in living cell preparations, it is commonly combined with 50-100 µM verapamil to prevent efflux of the dye. It has been used to ascertain the cell cycle state of stem cells and is amenable to flow cytometry.{22898,22901} Maximum excitation is at 540-550 nm, with maximum emission at 560-580 nm.
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pyronin Y is a fluorescent probe which stains double stranded RNA in living or fixed cells as well as in tissues.{22902,22900} When used in living cell preparations, it is commonly combined with 50-100 µM verapamil to prevent efflux of the dye. It has been used to ascertain the cell cycle state of stem cells and is amenable to flow cytometry.{22898,22901} Maximum excitation is at 540-550 nm, with maximum emission at 560-580 nm.
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21371 -Out of stock
Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21371 -Out of stock
Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21371 -Out of stock
Pyropheophorbide a is a natural catabolite of ethylene-induced chlorophyll a degradation. Extracts of C. paradoxa contain pyropheophorbide a and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro.{26145}
Brand:CaymanSKU:21371 -Out of stock
Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pyroxamide is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.1-0.2 μM).{21703,17305} It induces growth suppression and cell death of certain types of cancer cells in culture.{21705,21703}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Linoleic acid (Item No. 90150) is an essential fatty acid and one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the western diet. Pyrrolidine Linoleamide is a derivative of the amide of linoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387} It is greater than 4-fold more effective against cancer cells than non-cancer cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Ricinoleic acid is a naturally occurring 12-hydroxy fatty acid. It constitutes about 90% of the fatty acids in castor oil. Pyrrolidine Ricinoleamide is a derivative of the amide of ricinoleic acid that shows potent antiproliferative activity against an array of cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells.{28387}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid (PDTC) is a metal chelating compound that potently and reversibly inhibits NF-κB activation in vitro (100 µM).{33926} At 300 µM, it prevents TNF-α gene expression and protein production in human monocytes after LPS application.{33928} In vascular smooth muscle cells, PDTC (10 µM) arrests the cell cycle at the G1 phase with upregulation of p21Cip1 through the p38 MAPK pathway.{33925} PDTC (100 µM) also has antioxidant properties.{33927}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20713 -Available on backorder
Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid (PDTC) is a metal chelating compound that potently and reversibly inhibits NF-κB activation in vitro (100 µM).{33926} At 300 µM, it prevents TNF-α gene expression and protein production in human monocytes after LPS application.{33928} In vascular smooth muscle cells, PDTC (10 µM) arrests the cell cycle at the G1 phase with upregulation of p21Cip1 through the p38 MAPK pathway.{33925} PDTC (100 µM) also has antioxidant properties.{33927}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20713 -Available on backorder
Pyrrolidino PAF C-16 is a synthetic analog of PAF C-16. It is a potent mediator of PAF-like activities, including hypotension{6601,6600} and platelet aggregation, where it is approximately 3-10 times more potent than PAF itself.{6601,6600}
Brand:CaymanSKU:60909 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrrolidino PAF C-16 is a synthetic analog of PAF C-16. It is a potent mediator of PAF-like activities, including hypotension{6601,6600} and platelet aggregation, where it is approximately 3-10 times more potent than PAF itself.{6601,6600}
Brand:CaymanSKU:60909 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrrolidino PAF C-16 is a synthetic analog of PAF C-16. It is a potent mediator of PAF-like activities, including hypotension{6601,6600} and platelet aggregation, where it is approximately 3-10 times more potent than PAF itself.{6601,6600}
Brand:CaymanSKU:60909 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20681 -Available on backorder
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20681 -Available on backorder
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20681 -Available on backorder
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone and redox enzyme cofactor that has been found in a variety of bacteria and has diverse biological activities.{43289,43290,43291,43292,43293} It inhibits fibril formation by the amyloid proteins amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42) and mouse prion protein when used at a concentrations of 100 and 300 μM.{43289} PQQ stimulates cell proliferation, reduces glutamate-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necrosis, and caspase-3 activity, and increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in neural stem and progenitor cells.{43290} It inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppresses LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α in primary microglia.{43294} In vivo, PQQ (3 and 10 mg/kg) reduces Iba-1 expression, a marker of microglial activation, in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice. PQQ decreases the number of hepatic cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduces collagen deposition and hepatic hydroxyproline levels in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.{43292} It also decreases serum glucose and total cholesterol levels, increases brain SOD, CAT, and GPX activities, and decreases brain lipid hydroperoxide levels in mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Item No. 13104).{43293}
Brand:CaymanSKU:20681 -Available on backorder
The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.
Brand:CaymanSKU:- The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.
Brand:CaymanSKU:- The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.
Brand:CaymanSKU:- The group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2), known as calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).{11920,18018} Pyrrophenone inhibits cPLA2α with an IC50 of 4.2 nM in enzyme assays and potently blocks the release of AA and the production of PGE2 and LTC4 in cells (IC50 = 24, 25, and 14 nM, respectively).{17151} Its action is reversible and selective, as pyrrophenone inhibits the secretory type IB and IIA PLA2s with more than a hundred-fold less potency.{18019} Pyrrophenone has also been shown to inhibit calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated AA release from monocytic cells,{18019} interleukin-1-induced PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells,{18019} and the production of PGE2, LTs, and platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils,{17152} always with maximal inhibition at concentrations below 1 μM.
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Brand:CaymanSKU:700471 - 10 mlAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:700472 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:700473 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:700474 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Pyruvate (pyruvic acid) is a key intermediate in cellular metabolic pathways and is derived primarily from glucose via glycolysis. Abnormal blood pyruvate levels are reported in a number of disorders including shock, liver disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, thiamine deficiency, and metabolic disorders. Cayman’s Pyruvate Assay provides a fluorescence-based method for quantifying pyruvate in biological samples such as serum, plasma, blood, urine, and saliva. It can also be utilized to determine intracellular and extracellular pyruvate concentrations in cell culture samples.
Brand:CaymanSKU:700470 - 96 wellsAvailable on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:700475 - 1 eaAvailable on backorder
Pyrvinium is an anthelmintic and anticancer agent.{61022,61023} Dietary administration of pyrvinium reduces worm burden in mouse models of N. dubius, S. obvelata, or A. tetraptera infection (EC50s = 292, 4, and 17 ppm, respectively) but is lethal to mice at higher concentrations (LC50 = 600 ppm).{61022} Pyrvinium (1 μg/ml) induces cytotoxicity in PANC-1 cells cultured in glucose-deficient medium but not serum- or amino acid-deficient medium or complete medium.{61023} It reduces tumor growth in a PANC-1 mouse xenograft model when administered at a dose of 100 μg/mouse per day. Pyrvinium (10 nM) also binds to and activates casein kinase 1α (CK1α).{60124} It inhibits Wnt signaling (EC50 = ~10 nM in a reporter assay) in a CK1α-dependent manner. Formulations containing pyrvinium were previously used in the treatment of pinworm infections.
Brand:CaymanSKU:31546 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder