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Phenylpyropene A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from P. griseofulvum that has enzyme inhibitory and insecticidal activities.{52149,52150,52151} It inhibits acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT; IC50 = 0.8 μM).{52149} Phenylpyropene A inhibits diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) in rat liver microsomes (IC50 = 78.7 μM). It induces mortality in 100% of M. persicae when used at a concentration of 5 ppm.{52151}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29594 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Phenytoin is a hydantoin anticonvulsant.{38720} It inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in a voltage-dependent manner.{38721} Phenytoin reduces neuron firing in response to a depolarizing current in neurons from crayfish, Aplysia, rats, and mice when used at concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 μM. It also suppresses the persistent sodium current in a dose-dependent manner in rat neocortex without affecting the voltage-dependence of current activation.{38722} Phenytoin is oxidized by cytochrome P450 into several products that can lead to cell death in vitro and toxic effects in vivo, such as gingival hyperplasia and teratogenicity in rats and mice, respectively.{38720} In a rat model of status epilepticus, administration of phenytoin over 7 days (75 mg/kg, i.p., the first day, then 50 mg/kg per day) reduces seizure frequency and duration by 46 and approximately 20%, respectively, during the treatment period.{38723} In combination with the P-glycoprotein inhibitor tariquidar, phenytoin reduces seizure frequency by 93% but only for the first three days of the treatment period. Formulations containing phenytoin have been used in the treatment of status epilepticus.
Brand:CaymanSKU:24037 - 100 gAvailable on backorder
Phenytoin is a hydantoin anticonvulsant.{38720} It inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in a voltage-dependent manner.{38721} Phenytoin reduces neuron firing in response to a depolarizing current in neurons from crayfish, Aplysia, rats, and mice when used at concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 μM. It also suppresses the persistent sodium current in a dose-dependent manner in rat neocortex without affecting the voltage-dependence of current activation.{38722} Phenytoin is oxidized by cytochrome P450 into several products that can lead to cell death in vitro and toxic effects in vivo, such as gingival hyperplasia and teratogenicity in rats and mice, respectively.{38720} In a rat model of status epilepticus, administration of phenytoin over 7 days (75 mg/kg, i.p., the first day, then 50 mg/kg per day) reduces seizure frequency and duration by 46 and approximately 20%, respectively, during the treatment period.{38723} In combination with the P-glycoprotein inhibitor tariquidar, phenytoin reduces seizure frequency by 93% but only for the first three days of the treatment period. Formulations containing phenytoin have been used in the treatment of status epilepticus.
Brand:CaymanSKU:24037 - 250 gAvailable on backorder
Phenytoin is a hydantoin anticonvulsant.{38720} It inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in a voltage-dependent manner.{38721} Phenytoin reduces neuron firing in response to a depolarizing current in neurons from crayfish, Aplysia, rats, and mice when used at concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 μM. It also suppresses the persistent sodium current in a dose-dependent manner in rat neocortex without affecting the voltage-dependence of current activation.{38722} Phenytoin is oxidized by cytochrome P450 into several products that can lead to cell death in vitro and toxic effects in vivo, such as gingival hyperplasia and teratogenicity in rats and mice, respectively.{38720} In a rat model of status epilepticus, administration of phenytoin over 7 days (75 mg/kg, i.p., the first day, then 50 mg/kg per day) reduces seizure frequency and duration by 46 and approximately 20%, respectively, during the treatment period.{38723} In combination with the P-glycoprotein inhibitor tariquidar, phenytoin reduces seizure frequency by 93% but only for the first three days of the treatment period. Formulations containing phenytoin have been used in the treatment of status epilepticus.
Brand:CaymanSKU:24037 - 50 gAvailable on backorder
Pheophorbide a is a product of chlorophyll breakdown that has been used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of cancer.{26143} It has been reported to inhibit U87MG cells with an IC50 value of 2.8 µg/ml and demonstrates cytostatic activity specifically against glioblastoma cells without affecting normal cells.{26144} It also displays antiproliferative activity against melanoma, breast, and lung cancer cells in vitro at 100 µg/ml.{26145}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pheophorbide a is a product of chlorophyll breakdown that has been used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of cancer.{26143} It has been reported to inhibit U87MG cells with an IC50 value of 2.8 µg/ml and demonstrates cytostatic activity specifically against glioblastoma cells without affecting normal cells.{26144} It also displays antiproliferative activity against melanoma, breast, and lung cancer cells in vitro at 100 µg/ml.{26145}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Pheophorbide a is a product of chlorophyll breakdown that has been used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of cancer.{26143} It has been reported to inhibit U87MG cells with an IC50 value of 2.8 µg/ml and demonstrates cytostatic activity specifically against glioblastoma cells without affecting normal cells.{26144} It also displays antiproliferative activity against melanoma, breast, and lung cancer cells in vitro at 100 µg/ml.{26145}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
PHGDH-inactive is an inactive analog of the 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) inhibitors NCT-502 (Item No. 19716) and NCT-503 (Item No. 19718).{31375} Unlike the inhibitors, PHGDH-inactive does not inhibit PHGDH in vitro (IC50s = >57, 3.7, and 2.5 µM for PHGDH-inactive, NCT-502, and NCT-503, respectively), block serine synthesis in cells, or kill PHGDH-dependent cell lines.{31375} PHGDH-inactive is intended to serve as a negative control for NCT-502 and NCT-503.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19717 -Available on backorder
PHGDH-inactive is an inactive analog of the 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) inhibitors NCT-502 (Item No. 19716) and NCT-503 (Item No. 19718).{31375} Unlike the inhibitors, PHGDH-inactive does not inhibit PHGDH in vitro (IC50s = >57, 3.7, and 2.5 µM for PHGDH-inactive, NCT-502, and NCT-503, respectively), block serine synthesis in cells, or kill PHGDH-dependent cell lines.{31375} PHGDH-inactive is intended to serve as a negative control for NCT-502 and NCT-503.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19717 -Available on backorder
PHGDH-inactive is an inactive analog of the 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) inhibitors NCT-502 (Item No. 19716) and NCT-503 (Item No. 19718).{31375} Unlike the inhibitors, PHGDH-inactive does not inhibit PHGDH in vitro (IC50s = >57, 3.7, and 2.5 µM for PHGDH-inactive, NCT-502, and NCT-503, respectively), block serine synthesis in cells, or kill PHGDH-dependent cell lines.{31375} PHGDH-inactive is intended to serve as a negative control for NCT-502 and NCT-503.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19717 -Available on backorder
PHGDH-inactive is an inactive analog of the 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) inhibitors NCT-502 (Item No. 19716) and NCT-503 (Item No. 19718).{31375} Unlike the inhibitors, PHGDH-inactive does not inhibit PHGDH in vitro (IC50s = >57, 3.7, and 2.5 µM for PHGDH-inactive, NCT-502, and NCT-503, respectively), block serine synthesis in cells, or kill PHGDH-dependent cell lines.{31375} PHGDH-inactive is intended to serve as a negative control for NCT-502 and NCT-503.
Brand:CaymanSKU:19717 -Available on backorder
Philanthotoxin 74 (PhTx-74) is a synthetic analog of the naturally-occurring wasp venom toxin philanthotoxin-4,3,3. It is a subtype-selective AMPA receptor antagonist that inhibits homomeric GluR1 and GluR3 as well as heteromeric GluR1/2 receptors (80-100% of glutamate-evoked currents inhibited at 100 µM). It exhibits minimal to no effect on monomeric GluR2 or heteromeric GluR2/3 receptors at concentrations up to 500 µM.{23500} PhTx-74 inhibits the GluR5(Q) receptor with a Ki value of 0.29 µM.{23501}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Philanthotoxin 74 (PhTx-74) is a synthetic analog of the naturally-occurring wasp venom toxin philanthotoxin-4,3,3. It is a subtype-selective AMPA receptor antagonist that inhibits homomeric GluR1 and GluR3 as well as heteromeric GluR1/2 receptors (80-100% of glutamate-evoked currents inhibited at 100 µM). It exhibits minimal to no effect on monomeric GluR2 or heteromeric GluR2/3 receptors at concentrations up to 500 µM.{23500} PhTx-74 inhibits the GluR5(Q) receptor with a Ki value of 0.29 µM.{23501}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Phillygenin is a lignan that has been found in F. fructus and has diverse biological activities.{56162,56063,56164,56165} It scavenges peroxide and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; Item No. 14805) radicals in cell-free assays (IC50s = 10.5 and 19.1 µM, respectively).{56162} Phillygenin (25-200 µg/ml) inhibits LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and the fibrosis markers collagen I and α-SMA in LX-2 hepatic stellate cells.{56063} It inhibits the growth of SH-1-V1 esophageal cancer cells (IC50 = 6 µM), as well as induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in the same cells.{56164} Phillygenin (15 mg/kg) reduces tumor volume in an SH-1-V1 mouse xenograft model. It also reduces serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and prevents hepatic necrosis in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury.{56165}
Brand:CaymanSKU:30698 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Phillygenin is a lignan that has been found in F. fructus and has diverse biological activities.{56162,56063,56164,56165} It scavenges peroxide and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; Item No. 14805) radicals in cell-free assays (IC50s = 10.5 and 19.1 µM, respectively).{56162} Phillygenin (25-200 µg/ml) inhibits LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and the fibrosis markers collagen I and α-SMA in LX-2 hepatic stellate cells.{56063} It inhibits the growth of SH-1-V1 esophageal cancer cells (IC50 = 6 µM), as well as induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in the same cells.{56164} Phillygenin (15 mg/kg) reduces tumor volume in an SH-1-V1 mouse xenograft model. It also reduces serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and prevents hepatic necrosis in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury.{56165}
Brand:CaymanSKU:30698 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Phillygenin is a lignan that has been found in F. fructus and has diverse biological activities.{56162,56063,56164,56165} It scavenges peroxide and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; Item No. 14805) radicals in cell-free assays (IC50s = 10.5 and 19.1 µM, respectively).{56162} Phillygenin (25-200 µg/ml) inhibits LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and the fibrosis markers collagen I and α-SMA in LX-2 hepatic stellate cells.{56063} It inhibits the growth of SH-1-V1 esophageal cancer cells (IC50 = 6 µM), as well as induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in the same cells.{56164} Phillygenin (15 mg/kg) reduces tumor volume in an SH-1-V1 mouse xenograft model. It also reduces serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and prevents hepatic necrosis in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury.{56165}
Brand:CaymanSKU:30698 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Phillyrin is a lignan that has been found in F. suspense and has diverse biological activities.{48853,48854,48855,48856,48857} It reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced caspase activation, increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as increases glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in PC12 cells.{48853} Phillyrin is active against P. aeruginosa in vitro (MIC = 0.5 mg/ml) and increases survival in a C. elegans model of P. aeruginosa infection.{48854} Intragastric administration of phillyrin (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces pulmonary NF-κB activation, neutrophil infiltration, and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as interstitial edema, in a mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury.{48855} It decreases body weight, hepatic total cholesterol, free fatty acid, and triglyceride levels, and serum insulin levels in obese mice.{48856} Phillyrin (20 mg/kg) also prolongs survival time, decreases viral titers, and attenuates pulmonary tissue damage in a mouse model of influenza A infection.{48857}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29654 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Phillyrin is a lignan that has been found in F. suspense and has diverse biological activities.{48853,48854,48855,48856,48857} It reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced caspase activation, increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as increases glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in PC12 cells.{48853} Phillyrin is active against P. aeruginosa in vitro (MIC = 0.5 mg/ml) and increases survival in a C. elegans model of P. aeruginosa infection.{48854} Intragastric administration of phillyrin (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces pulmonary NF-κB activation, neutrophil infiltration, and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as interstitial edema, in a mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury.{48855} It decreases body weight, hepatic total cholesterol, free fatty acid, and triglyceride levels, and serum insulin levels in obese mice.{48856} Phillyrin (20 mg/kg) also prolongs survival time, decreases viral titers, and attenuates pulmonary tissue damage in a mouse model of influenza A infection.{48857}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29654 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder
Phillyrin is a lignan that has been found in F. suspense and has diverse biological activities.{48853,48854,48855,48856,48857} It reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced caspase activation, increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as increases glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in PC12 cells.{48853} Phillyrin is active against P. aeruginosa in vitro (MIC = 0.5 mg/ml) and increases survival in a C. elegans model of P. aeruginosa infection.{48854} Intragastric administration of phillyrin (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces pulmonary NF-κB activation, neutrophil infiltration, and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as interstitial edema, in a mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury.{48855} It decreases body weight, hepatic total cholesterol, free fatty acid, and triglyceride levels, and serum insulin levels in obese mice.{48856} Phillyrin (20 mg/kg) also prolongs survival time, decreases viral titers, and attenuates pulmonary tissue damage in a mouse model of influenza A infection.{48857}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29654 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Phillyrin is a lignan that has been found in F. suspense and has diverse biological activities.{48853,48854,48855,48856,48857} It reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced caspase activation, increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as increases glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in PC12 cells.{48853} Phillyrin is active against P. aeruginosa in vitro (MIC = 0.5 mg/ml) and increases survival in a C. elegans model of P. aeruginosa infection.{48854} Intragastric administration of phillyrin (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces pulmonary NF-κB activation, neutrophil infiltration, and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as interstitial edema, in a mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury.{48855} It decreases body weight, hepatic total cholesterol, free fatty acid, and triglyceride levels, and serum insulin levels in obese mice.{48856} Phillyrin (20 mg/kg) also prolongs survival time, decreases viral titers, and attenuates pulmonary tissue damage in a mouse model of influenza A infection.{48857}
Brand:CaymanSKU:29654 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Phleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic from Streptomyces whose cytotoxic action results from its ability to cause DNA fragmentation.{25379,21617} The ability of phleomycin to block mammalian cells from entering mitosis has made it useful in cancer therapy, most commonly in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities.{21617,25378,25377} Phleomycin is also used, in conjunction with a vector carrying the bleomycin resistance protein ble, as a selective agent in the transformation of yeast, plant cells, and mammalian cells.{25382,25381,25380}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Phleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic from Streptomyces whose cytotoxic action results from its ability to cause DNA fragmentation.{25379,21617} The ability of phleomycin to block mammalian cells from entering mitosis has made it useful in cancer therapy, most commonly in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities.{21617,25378,25377} Phleomycin is also used, in conjunction with a vector carrying the bleomycin resistance protein ble, as a selective agent in the transformation of yeast, plant cells, and mammalian cells.{25382,25381,25380}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Phleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic from Streptomyces whose cytotoxic action results from its ability to cause DNA fragmentation.{25379,21617} The ability of phleomycin to block mammalian cells from entering mitosis has made it useful in cancer therapy, most commonly in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities.{21617,25378,25377} Phleomycin is also used, in conjunction with a vector carrying the bleomycin resistance protein ble, as a selective agent in the transformation of yeast, plant cells, and mammalian cells.{25382,25381,25380}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Phleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic from Streptomyces whose cytotoxic action results from its ability to cause DNA fragmentation.{25379,21617} The ability of phleomycin to block mammalian cells from entering mitosis has made it useful in cancer therapy, most commonly in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities.{21617,25378,25377} Phleomycin is also used, in conjunction with a vector carrying the bleomycin resistance protein ble, as a selective agent in the transformation of yeast, plant cells, and mammalian cells.{25382,25381,25380}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Phloretin is a natural phenol which inhibits a variety of transporters. It inhibits the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT2 (IC50 = 28 and 14 µM, respectively), restricting the rapid transport of monocarboxylates like lactate and pyruvate across the plasma membrane.{22891} Phloretin also blocks the sodium/D-glucose cotransporter (Ki = 86 µM) and the human concentrative nucleoside transporter 3 (Ki = 32 µM).{22894,22892}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Phloretin is a natural phenol which inhibits a variety of transporters. It inhibits the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT2 (IC50 = 28 and 14 µM, respectively), restricting the rapid transport of monocarboxylates like lactate and pyruvate across the plasma membrane.{22891} Phloretin also blocks the sodium/D-glucose cotransporter (Ki = 86 µM) and the human concentrative nucleoside transporter 3 (Ki = 32 µM).{22894,22892}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- Phloretin is a natural phenol which inhibits a variety of transporters. It inhibits the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT2 (IC50 = 28 and 14 µM, respectively), restricting the rapid transport of monocarboxylates like lactate and pyruvate across the plasma membrane.{22891} Phloretin also blocks the sodium/D-glucose cotransporter (Ki = 86 µM) and the human concentrative nucleoside transporter 3 (Ki = 32 µM).{22894,22892}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) is a high affinity, low capacity transporter abundant in the small intestine, with some expression in the kidney as well. SGLT2 is a low affinity, high capacity transporter in the kidney that accounts for approximately 90% of glucose reabsorption into the blood stream. Selective inhibition of SGLT2 is a potential strategy for reducing plasma glucose levels as a treatment for diabetes.{20896} Phlorizin is a natural product, first isolated from the bark of apple trees, that reduces plasma glucose levels by blocking renal and intestinal glucose absorption through inhibition of SGLT1 and SGLT2.{20893,20892} It competitively inhibits the initial rate of α-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (α-MDG) uptake in human COS-1 cells expressing hSGLT1 and hSGLT2 with IC50 values of 400 and 65 nM, respectively.{20895} In HEK293T cells expressing human SGLT1 and SGLT2, phlorizin exhibits Ki values of 140 and 11 nM, respectively, at 37°C.{20895,20894}
Brand:CaymanSKU:11576 - 1 gAvailable on backorder
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) is a high affinity, low capacity transporter abundant in the small intestine, with some expression in the kidney as well. SGLT2 is a low affinity, high capacity transporter in the kidney that accounts for approximately 90% of glucose reabsorption into the blood stream. Selective inhibition of SGLT2 is a potential strategy for reducing plasma glucose levels as a treatment for diabetes.{20896} Phlorizin is a natural product, first isolated from the bark of apple trees, that reduces plasma glucose levels by blocking renal and intestinal glucose absorption through inhibition of SGLT1 and SGLT2.{20893,20892} It competitively inhibits the initial rate of α-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (α-MDG) uptake in human COS-1 cells expressing hSGLT1 and hSGLT2 with IC50 values of 400 and 65 nM, respectively.{20895} In HEK293T cells expressing human SGLT1 and SGLT2, phlorizin exhibits Ki values of 140 and 11 nM, respectively, at 37°C.{20895,20894}
Brand:CaymanSKU:11576 - 10 gAvailable on backorder
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) is a high affinity, low capacity transporter abundant in the small intestine, with some expression in the kidney as well. SGLT2 is a low affinity, high capacity transporter in the kidney that accounts for approximately 90% of glucose reabsorption into the blood stream. Selective inhibition of SGLT2 is a potential strategy for reducing plasma glucose levels as a treatment for diabetes.{20896} Phlorizin is a natural product, first isolated from the bark of apple trees, that reduces plasma glucose levels by blocking renal and intestinal glucose absorption through inhibition of SGLT1 and SGLT2.{20893,20892} It competitively inhibits the initial rate of α-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (α-MDG) uptake in human COS-1 cells expressing hSGLT1 and hSGLT2 with IC50 values of 400 and 65 nM, respectively.{20895} In HEK293T cells expressing human SGLT1 and SGLT2, phlorizin exhibits Ki values of 140 and 11 nM, respectively, at 37°C.{20895,20894}
Brand:CaymanSKU:11576 - 5 gAvailable on backorder
Phloroglucinol is a naturally occurring phenol that exhibits diverse biological activities.{39343} Phloroglucinol protects V79-4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells from oxidative stress and inhibits lipid peroxidation by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS).{39345} It induces apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells and inhibits metastasis of BT549 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.{39346,39347} Phloroglucinol protects primary neurons from β-amyloid-induced dendritic spine loss in vitro and shortens the latency to find the platform in a Morris water maze test in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model.{39348} Phloroglucinol has been used to stain histological plant sections and in the synthesis of numerous natural products.{39349,39350,39353} Phloroglucinol slows the frequency and decreases the amplitude of contraction in isolated rabbit and rat intestine at a concentration of 100 and 1 μM, respectively.{39354} Formulations containing phloroglucinol have been used as antispasmodics.{39351,39352}
Brand:CaymanSKU:23223 - 100 gAvailable on backorder
Phloroglucinol is a naturally occurring phenol that exhibits diverse biological activities.{39343} Phloroglucinol protects V79-4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells from oxidative stress and inhibits lipid peroxidation by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS).{39345} It induces apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells and inhibits metastasis of BT549 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.{39346,39347} Phloroglucinol protects primary neurons from β-amyloid-induced dendritic spine loss in vitro and shortens the latency to find the platform in a Morris water maze test in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model.{39348} Phloroglucinol has been used to stain histological plant sections and in the synthesis of numerous natural products.{39349,39350,39353} Phloroglucinol slows the frequency and decreases the amplitude of contraction in isolated rabbit and rat intestine at a concentration of 100 and 1 μM, respectively.{39354} Formulations containing phloroglucinol have been used as antispasmodics.{39351,39352}
Brand:CaymanSKU:23223 - 25 gAvailable on backorder
Phloroglucinol is a naturally occurring phenol that exhibits diverse biological activities.{39343} Phloroglucinol protects V79-4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells from oxidative stress and inhibits lipid peroxidation by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS).{39345} It induces apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells and inhibits metastasis of BT549 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.{39346,39347} Phloroglucinol protects primary neurons from β-amyloid-induced dendritic spine loss in vitro and shortens the latency to find the platform in a Morris water maze test in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model.{39348} Phloroglucinol has been used to stain histological plant sections and in the synthesis of numerous natural products.{39349,39350,39353} Phloroglucinol slows the frequency and decreases the amplitude of contraction in isolated rabbit and rat intestine at a concentration of 100 and 1 μM, respectively.{39354} Formulations containing phloroglucinol have been used as antispasmodics.{39351,39352}
Brand:CaymanSKU:23223 - 50 gAvailable on backorder
Phloroglucinol is a naturally occurring phenol that exhibits diverse biological activities.{39343} Phloroglucinol protects V79-4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells from oxidative stress and inhibits lipid peroxidation by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS).{39345} It induces apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells and inhibits metastasis of BT549 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.{39346,39347} Phloroglucinol protects primary neurons from β-amyloid-induced dendritic spine loss in vitro and shortens the latency to find the platform in a Morris water maze test in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model.{39348} Phloroglucinol has been used to stain histological plant sections and in the synthesis of numerous natural products.{39349,39350,39353} Phloroglucinol slows the frequency and decreases the amplitude of contraction in isolated rabbit and rat intestine at a concentration of 100 and 1 μM, respectively.{39354} Formulations containing phloroglucinol have been used as antispasmodics.{39351,39352}
Brand:CaymanSKU:23223 - 500 gAvailable on backorder
Phloxine B is a red dye, the USP grade of which is used as a color additive for food, drugs, and cosmetics.{22804} It has also been used as an alternative to Gram staining, to differentiate between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.{30296} At 100 µg/ml, it can inhibit methicillin-resistant S. aureus growth in vitro.{30297} Phloxine B has also been shown to modulate channel activity of wild-type cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channels (CFTR; Ki = 38 µM) and mutant delta F508 CFTR (Ki = 33 µM).{30295}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Phloxine B is a red dye, the USP grade of which is used as a color additive for food, drugs, and cosmetics.{22804} It has also been used as an alternative to Gram staining, to differentiate between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.{30296} At 100 µg/ml, it can inhibit methicillin-resistant S. aureus growth in vitro.{30297} Phloxine B has also been shown to modulate channel activity of wild-type cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channels (CFTR; Ki = 38 µM) and mutant delta F508 CFTR (Ki = 33 µM).{30295}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Phloxine B is a red dye, the USP grade of which is used as a color additive for food, drugs, and cosmetics.{22804} It has also been used as an alternative to Gram staining, to differentiate between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.{30296} At 100 µg/ml, it can inhibit methicillin-resistant S. aureus growth in vitro.{30297} Phloxine B has also been shown to modulate channel activity of wild-type cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channels (CFTR; Ki = 38 µM) and mutant delta F508 CFTR (Ki = 33 µM).{30295}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Phloxine B is a red dye, the USP grade of which is used as a color additive for food, drugs, and cosmetics.{22804} It has also been used as an alternative to Gram staining, to differentiate between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.{30296} At 100 µg/ml, it can inhibit methicillin-resistant S. aureus growth in vitro.{30297} Phloxine B has also been shown to modulate channel activity of wild-type cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channels (CFTR; Ki = 38 µM) and mutant delta F508 CFTR (Ki = 33 µM).{30295}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Phomalactone is a fungal metabolite that has been found in N. sphaerica and has fungicidal activity.{48586,48587} It is active against strains of the plant pathogenic fungi C. sasaki, P. graminicola, M. griesea, P. capsica, and P. infestans (IC50s = 200, 120, 83, 120, and 0.83 mg/L, respectively), but not F. oxysporum, A. alternate, B. cinerea, or C. gloeosporioides (IC50s = >200 mg/L for all).{48586} Phomalactone is also active against the plant pathogenic fungi A. niger and O. minus (MICs = 62.5 and 125 µg/ml, respectively).{48587}
Brand:CaymanSKU:28854 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
EpETrE metabolizes arachidonic acid such as 11(12-EpETrE and 14(15)-EpETrE have been identified as endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factors with vasodilator activity.{12391} Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) catalyzes the conversion of EpETrEs to the corresponding DiHETrEs thereby diminishing their activity.{14064} Inhibitors of sEH may therefore have clinical utility for treating hypertension and systemic inflammation.{14065,14072} PHOME is a fluorogenic substrate for human sEH which displays good aqueous stability and solubility making it ideal for high throughput screening (HTS) programs. Hydrolysis of the substrate yields a highly fluorescent product that can be monitored at excitation and emission wavelengths of 330 and 465 nm, respectively. This fluorescent assay has a sensitivity that is 100 times greater than previously used spectrophotometric assays.{14265} NOTE: This substrate should only be used with the pure EH. If this substrate is used with crude enzyme preparations it is critical that all esterase activity is removed or inhibited, such as with organophosphate or a trifluoroketone inhibitor, and that glutathione is depleted and/or glutathione S-transferase is inhibited.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10009134 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
EpETrE metabolizes arachidonic acid such as 11(12-EpETrE and 14(15)-EpETrE have been identified as endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factors with vasodilator activity.{12391} Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) catalyzes the conversion of EpETrEs to the corresponding DiHETrEs thereby diminishing their activity.{14064} Inhibitors of sEH may therefore have clinical utility for treating hypertension and systemic inflammation.{14065,14072} PHOME is a fluorogenic substrate for human sEH which displays good aqueous stability and solubility making it ideal for high throughput screening (HTS) programs. Hydrolysis of the substrate yields a highly fluorescent product that can be monitored at excitation and emission wavelengths of 330 and 465 nm, respectively. This fluorescent assay has a sensitivity that is 100 times greater than previously used spectrophotometric assays.{14265} NOTE: This substrate should only be used with the pure EH. If this substrate is used with crude enzyme preparations it is critical that all esterase activity is removed or inhibited, such as with organophosphate or a trifluoroketone inhibitor, and that glutathione is depleted and/or glutathione S-transferase is inhibited.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10009134 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
EpETrE metabolizes arachidonic acid such as 11(12-EpETrE and 14(15)-EpETrE have been identified as endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factors with vasodilator activity.{12391} Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) catalyzes the conversion of EpETrEs to the corresponding DiHETrEs thereby diminishing their activity.{14064} Inhibitors of sEH may therefore have clinical utility for treating hypertension and systemic inflammation.{14065,14072} PHOME is a fluorogenic substrate for human sEH which displays good aqueous stability and solubility making it ideal for high throughput screening (HTS) programs. Hydrolysis of the substrate yields a highly fluorescent product that can be monitored at excitation and emission wavelengths of 330 and 465 nm, respectively. This fluorescent assay has a sensitivity that is 100 times greater than previously used spectrophotometric assays.{14265} NOTE: This substrate should only be used with the pure EH. If this substrate is used with crude enzyme preparations it is critical that all esterase activity is removed or inhibited, such as with organophosphate or a trifluoroketone inhibitor, and that glutathione is depleted and/or glutathione S-transferase is inhibited.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10009134 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
EpETrE metabolizes arachidonic acid such as 11(12-EpETrE and 14(15)-EpETrE have been identified as endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factors with vasodilator activity.{12391} Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) catalyzes the conversion of EpETrEs to the corresponding DiHETrEs thereby diminishing their activity.{14064} Inhibitors of sEH may therefore have clinical utility for treating hypertension and systemic inflammation.{14065,14072} PHOME is a fluorogenic substrate for human sEH which displays good aqueous stability and solubility making it ideal for high throughput screening (HTS) programs. Hydrolysis of the substrate yields a highly fluorescent product that can be monitored at excitation and emission wavelengths of 330 and 465 nm, respectively. This fluorescent assay has a sensitivity that is 100 times greater than previously used spectrophotometric assays.{14265} NOTE: This substrate should only be used with the pure EH. If this substrate is used with crude enzyme preparations it is critical that all esterase activity is removed or inhibited, such as with organophosphate or a trifluoroketone inhibitor, and that glutathione is depleted and/or glutathione S-transferase is inhibited.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10009134 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Phomopsins are a family of mycotoxins produced by the fungus D. toxica, which predominantly infects lupines. Ingestion of lupines infected with D. toxica causes lupinosis, a degenerative disorder that can result in acute liver damage, brain damage, and death.{31104} Phomopsin A is a cyclic hexapeptide mycotoxin that binds β-tubulin in a vinca domain, overlapping with the site targeted by vinblastine (Item No. 11762) and other tubulin inhibitors.{31105,31103} It binds β-tubulin from higher organisms but not α-tubulin or fungal mycelial tubulin.{31106,31107} Phomopsin A blocks microtubule growth, modulates the dynamics of microtubules, and interferes with mitosis.{31107}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Phomopsins are a family of mycotoxins produced by the fungus D. toxica, which predominantly infects lupines. Ingestion of lupines infected with D. toxica causes lupinosis, a degenerative disorder that can result in acute liver damage, brain damage, and death.{31104} Phomopsin A is a cyclic hexapeptide mycotoxin that binds β-tubulin in a vinca domain, overlapping with the site targeted by vinblastine (Item No. 11762) and other tubulin inhibitors.{31105,31103} It binds β-tubulin from higher organisms but not α-tubulin or fungal mycelial tubulin.{31106,31107} Phomopsin A blocks microtubule growth, modulates the dynamics of microtubules, and interferes with mitosis.{31107}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Available on backorder
Brand:CaymanSKU:28586 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is the enzyme responsible for hydrolysis and inactivation of fatty acid amides including anandamide and oleamide. PHOP is a potent FAAH inhibitor, exhibiting Ki values of 0.094 nM and 0.2 nM for the human and rat enzymes, respectively.{8481} Using a proteomics approach, PHOP was screened against the serine hydrolase family of enzymes, of which FAAH is a member. In this assay, PHOP exhibited IC50 values of 1.1 nM, 1.4 nM, and >100 µM for FAAH, triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH), and an uncharacterized hydrolase (KIAA1363), respectively.{11817} Knowledge of the specificity of PHOP obtained from this experiment should allow for more accurate interpretation of results using this inhibitor in complex environments such as whole cells or animals.
Brand:CaymanSKU:71655 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is the enzyme responsible for hydrolysis and inactivation of fatty acid amides including anandamide and oleamide. PHOP is a potent FAAH inhibitor, exhibiting Ki values of 0.094 nM and 0.2 nM for the human and rat enzymes, respectively.{8481} Using a proteomics approach, PHOP was screened against the serine hydrolase family of enzymes, of which FAAH is a member. In this assay, PHOP exhibited IC50 values of 1.1 nM, 1.4 nM, and >100 µM for FAAH, triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH), and an uncharacterized hydrolase (KIAA1363), respectively.{11817} Knowledge of the specificity of PHOP obtained from this experiment should allow for more accurate interpretation of results using this inhibitor in complex environments such as whole cells or animals.
Brand:CaymanSKU:71655 - 100 µgAvailable on backorder
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is the enzyme responsible for hydrolysis and inactivation of fatty acid amides including anandamide and oleamide. PHOP is a potent FAAH inhibitor, exhibiting Ki values of 0.094 nM and 0.2 nM for the human and rat enzymes, respectively.{8481} Using a proteomics approach, PHOP was screened against the serine hydrolase family of enzymes, of which FAAH is a member. In this assay, PHOP exhibited IC50 values of 1.1 nM, 1.4 nM, and >100 µM for FAAH, triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH), and an uncharacterized hydrolase (KIAA1363), respectively.{11817} Knowledge of the specificity of PHOP obtained from this experiment should allow for more accurate interpretation of results using this inhibitor in complex environments such as whole cells or animals.
Brand:CaymanSKU:71655 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is the enzyme responsible for hydrolysis and inactivation of fatty acid amides including anandamide and oleamide. PHOP is a potent FAAH inhibitor, exhibiting Ki values of 0.094 nM and 0.2 nM for the human and rat enzymes, respectively.{8481} Using a proteomics approach, PHOP was screened against the serine hydrolase family of enzymes, of which FAAH is a member. In this assay, PHOP exhibited IC50 values of 1.1 nM, 1.4 nM, and >100 µM for FAAH, triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH), and an uncharacterized hydrolase (KIAA1363), respectively.{11817} Knowledge of the specificity of PHOP obtained from this experiment should allow for more accurate interpretation of results using this inhibitor in complex environments such as whole cells or animals.
Brand:CaymanSKU:71655 - 500 µgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol is a diterpene originally isolated from croton oil.{37389} It is used as a starting material for the semisynthesis of various phorbol diesters, which are structurally analogous to diacylglycerol and activate PKC isoforms by associating with their C1 domains.{17805}
Brand:CaymanSKU:24479 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol is a diterpene originally isolated from croton oil.{37389} It is used as a starting material for the semisynthesis of various phorbol diesters, which are structurally analogous to diacylglycerol and activate PKC isoforms by associating with their C1 domains.{17805}
Brand:CaymanSKU:24479 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a phorbol ester that is commonly used to activate certain types of protein kinase C (PKC), including group A (α, βI, βII, γ) and group B (δ, ε, η, θ) isoforms.{17804} Phorbol esters, including PMA, are structurally analogous to diacylglycerol and activate PKC isoforms by associating with their C1 domains.{17805} Through PKC, PMA also activates certain MAP kinase pathways.{17806} Prolonged treatment of cells with PMA at high concentrations results in the downregulation of total PKC activity and is tumorigenic, whereas lower concentrations may be protective.{17807,17808} In addition, PMA promotes hematopoietic differentiation.{17809,17810} The aqueous solubility of PMA is about 10-fold better than that of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, indicating that PMA is preferable in cell-based studies.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10008014 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a phorbol ester that is commonly used to activate certain types of protein kinase C (PKC), including group A (α, βI, βII, γ) and group B (δ, ε, η, θ) isoforms.{17804} Phorbol esters, including PMA, are structurally analogous to diacylglycerol and activate PKC isoforms by associating with their C1 domains.{17805} Through PKC, PMA also activates certain MAP kinase pathways.{17806} Prolonged treatment of cells with PMA at high concentrations results in the downregulation of total PKC activity and is tumorigenic, whereas lower concentrations may be protective.{17807,17808} In addition, PMA promotes hematopoietic differentiation.{17809,17810} The aqueous solubility of PMA is about 10-fold better than that of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, indicating that PMA is preferable in cell-based studies.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10008014 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a phorbol ester that is commonly used to activate certain types of protein kinase C (PKC), including group A (α, βI, βII, γ) and group B (δ, ε, η, θ) isoforms.{17804} Phorbol esters, including PMA, are structurally analogous to diacylglycerol and activate PKC isoforms by associating with their C1 domains.{17805} Through PKC, PMA also activates certain MAP kinase pathways.{17806} Prolonged treatment of cells with PMA at high concentrations results in the downregulation of total PKC activity and is tumorigenic, whereas lower concentrations may be protective.{17807,17808} In addition, PMA promotes hematopoietic differentiation.{17809,17810} The aqueous solubility of PMA is about 10-fold better than that of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, indicating that PMA is preferable in cell-based studies.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10008014 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a phorbol ester that is commonly used to activate certain types of protein kinase C (PKC), including group A (α, βI, βII, γ) and group B (δ, ε, η, θ) isoforms.{17804} Phorbol esters, including PMA, are structurally analogous to diacylglycerol and activate PKC isoforms by associating with their C1 domains.{17805} Through PKC, PMA also activates certain MAP kinase pathways.{17806} Prolonged treatment of cells with PMA at high concentrations results in the downregulation of total PKC activity and is tumorigenic, whereas lower concentrations may be protective.{17807,17808} In addition, PMA promotes hematopoietic differentiation.{17809,17810} The aqueous solubility of PMA is about 10-fold better than that of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, indicating that PMA is preferable in cell-based studies.
Brand:CaymanSKU:10008014 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate is a phorbol ester and an activator of PKC, including group A (α and γ) and group B (δ, ε, η) PKC isoforms.{45312} It promotes tumor formation to a lesser degree than phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA; Item No. 10008014).{45313} Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate induces papilloma formation in mice with a total dose of 9.7 µmol required to produce papillomas in 50% of survivors after eight weeks.{45314} It also induces inflammation in 50% of mice when administered topically to the ear at a dose of 0.067 µmol/ear.
Brand:CaymanSKU:27785 - 1 mgAvailable on backorder
Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate is a phorbol ester and an activator of PKC, including group A (α and γ) and group B (δ, ε, η) PKC isoforms.{45312} It promotes tumor formation to a lesser degree than phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA; Item No. 10008014).{45313} Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate induces papilloma formation in mice with a total dose of 9.7 µmol required to produce papillomas in 50% of survivors after eight weeks.{45314} It also induces inflammation in 50% of mice when administered topically to the ear at a dose of 0.067 µmol/ear.
Brand:CaymanSKU:27785 - 5 mgAvailable on backorder
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that promotes the expression of phase I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme genes, including the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. Phortress is a lysyl amide prodrug of the benzothiazole 5-fluoro 203 (Item No. 17677), a high affinity AhR ligand that elicits antitumor activity by inducing transcription of CYP1A1, which leads to the formation of DNA adducts and cell cycle arrest.{29410,29411} Phortress rapidly reverts to 5-fluoro 203 in carcinoma cell lines, resulting in significant growth inhibition at nanomolar concentrations.{29411} At 20 mg/kg, phortress can suppress the growth of breast and ovarian xenografts in vivo.{29411}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that promotes the expression of phase I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme genes, including the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. Phortress is a lysyl amide prodrug of the benzothiazole 5-fluoro 203 (Item No. 17677), a high affinity AhR ligand that elicits antitumor activity by inducing transcription of CYP1A1, which leads to the formation of DNA adducts and cell cycle arrest.{29410,29411} Phortress rapidly reverts to 5-fluoro 203 in carcinoma cell lines, resulting in significant growth inhibition at nanomolar concentrations.{29411} At 20 mg/kg, phortress can suppress the growth of breast and ovarian xenografts in vivo.{29411}
Brand:CaymanSKU:- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that promotes the expression of phase I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme genes, including the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. Phortress is a lysyl amide prodrug of the benzothiazole 5-fluoro 203 (Item No. 17677), a high affinity AhR ligand that elicits antitumor activity by inducing transcription of CYP1A1, which leads to the formation of DNA adducts and cell cycle arrest.{29410,29411} Phortress rapidly reverts to 5-fluoro 203 in carcinoma cell lines, resulting in significant growth inhibition at nanomolar concentrations.{29411} At 20 mg/kg, phortress can suppress the growth of breast and ovarian xenografts in vivo.{29411}
Brand:CaymanSKU:-
Phosmet is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide.{39994,39995,39996} It reduces apple damage by a large variety of insects, including apple maggots, codling moths, and obliquebanded leafrollers when used as either a border or cover spray at a concentration of 1.9 kg AI/hectare.{39995} Phosmet is effective in controlling S. scabiei in pigs when applied as a 20% pour-on solution.{39996} It is toxic to rats via oral administration (LC50 = 230 mg/kg).{39997} Formulations containing phosmet have been used in the control of insects and mites in agriculture.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25812 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosmet is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide.{39994,39995,39996} It reduces apple damage by a large variety of insects, including apple maggots, codling moths, and obliquebanded leafrollers when used as either a border or cover spray at a concentration of 1.9 kg AI/hectare.{39995} Phosmet is effective in controlling S. scabiei in pigs when applied as a 20% pour-on solution.{39996} It is toxic to rats via oral administration (LC50 = 230 mg/kg).{39997} Formulations containing phosmet have been used in the control of insects and mites in agriculture.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25812 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosmet is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide.{39994,39995,39996} It reduces apple damage by a large variety of insects, including apple maggots, codling moths, and obliquebanded leafrollers when used as either a border or cover spray at a concentration of 1.9 kg AI/hectare.{39995} Phosmet is effective in controlling S. scabiei in pigs when applied as a 20% pour-on solution.{39996} It is toxic to rats via oral administration (LC50 = 230 mg/kg).{39997} Formulations containing phosmet have been used in the control of insects and mites in agriculture.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25812 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Cayman’s phosphatidylcholine (PC) assay kit provides a specific, sensitive, and convenient method for quantifying PC in plasma or serum. In this assay, PC-Specific PLD is first used to hydrolyze PC to choline and phosphatidic acid. The newly formed choline is then used to generate hydrogen peroxide in a reaction catalyzed by choline oxidase. Finally, with peroxidase as a catalyst, hydrogen peroxide reacts with DAOS and 4-aminoantipyrine to generate a blue dye with an optimal absorption at 595 nm.{14806}
Brand:CaymanSKU:10009926 - 96 wellsAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylcholine is the most abundant phospholipid in mammalian, plant, and yeast cells.{38744} It is found mainly in the outer leaflet of cell membranes and can make up approximately half of the total phospholipids.{139} In mammalian tissues, phosphatidylcholine commonly contains a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol, respectively. It is a substrate for various enzymes in cell signaling pathways that is cleaved by phospholipases into diacylglycerol and phosphocholine or phosphatidic acid and choline. Phosphatidylcholines (bovine) is a mixture of isolated bovine phosphatidylcholines with fatty acids of variable chain lengths acylated to the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1070]
Brand:CaymanSKU:24370 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylcholine is the most abundant phospholipid in mammalian, plant, and yeast cells.{38744} It is found mainly in the outer leaflet of cell membranes and can make up approximately half of the total phospholipids.{139} In mammalian tissues, phosphatidylcholine commonly contains a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol, respectively. It is a substrate for various enzymes in cell signaling pathways that is cleaved by phospholipases into diacylglycerol and phosphocholine or phosphatidic acid and choline. Phosphatidylcholines (egg) is a mixture of phosphatidylcholines isolated from chicken egg with fatty acids of variable chain lengths acylated to the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1044]
Brand:CaymanSKU:24343 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA; Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from bovine brain with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1069]
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA; Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from bovine brain with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1069]
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA; Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from bovine brain with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1069]
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA; Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from bovine brain with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1069]
Brand:CaymanSKU:-Out of stock
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (egg) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from egg with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1045]
Brand:CaymanSKU:24332 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (egg) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from egg with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1045]
Brand:CaymanSKU:24332 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA; Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (soy) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from soy with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25845 - 10 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA; Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (soy) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from soy with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25845 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.{24442} In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA; Item No. 90050) and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone.{41481} It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA.{41480} Phosphatidylethanolamines (soy) is a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from soy with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25845 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylglycerol is a naturally occurring anionic phospholipid and a constituent of plant, animal, and bacterial cell membranes.{48042,48043} It is less abundant than phosphatidylethanolamine (Item Nos. 16878 | 24332) in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and phosphatidylcholine (Item Nos. 24343 | 24370) in eukaryotes. It is formed via a reaction between CDP-diglyceride with L-α-glycerol 3-phosphate followed by dephosphorylation and is a metabolic precursor of cardiolipin.{48042} Phosphatidylglycerol species containing polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acyl chains inhibit and promote proliferation of murine keratinocytes, respectively.{48044} Phosphatidylglycerol is the second largest lipid component of mammalian lung surfactant, comprising 10% of the lipids, and levels are decreased in the lung surfactant of infants with respiratory distress syndrome.{48043} Phosphatidylglycerols (egg) is a mixture of phosphatidylglycerols isolated from egg with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25846 - 100 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylglycerol is a naturally occurring anionic phospholipid and a constituent of plant, animal, and bacterial cell membranes.{48042,48043} It is less abundant than phosphatidylethanolamine (Item Nos. 16878 | 24332) in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and phosphatidylcholine (Item Nos. 24343 | 24370) in eukaryotes. It is formed via a reaction between CDP-diglyceride with L-α-glycerol 3-phosphate followed by dephosphorylation and is a metabolic precursor of cardiolipin.{48042} Phosphatidylglycerol species containing polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acyl chains inhibit and promote proliferation of murine keratinocytes, respectively.{48044} Phosphatidylglycerol is the second largest lipid component of mammalian lung surfactant, comprising 10% of the lipids, and levels are decreased in the lung surfactant of infants with respiratory distress syndrome.{48043} Phosphatidylglycerols (egg) is a mixture of phosphatidylglycerols isolated from egg with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25846 - 25 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylglycerol is a naturally occurring anionic phospholipid and a constituent of plant, animal, and bacterial cell membranes.{48042,48043} It is less abundant than phosphatidylethanolamine (Item Nos. 16878 | 24332) in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and phosphatidylcholine (Item Nos. 24343 | 24370) in eukaryotes. It is formed via a reaction between CDP-diglyceride with L-α-glycerol 3-phosphate followed by dephosphorylation and is a metabolic precursor of cardiolipin.{48042} Phosphatidylglycerol species containing polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acyl chains inhibit and promote proliferation of murine keratinocytes, respectively.{48044} Phosphatidylglycerol is the second largest lipid component of mammalian lung surfactant, comprising 10% of the lipids, and levels are decreased in the lung surfactant of infants with respiratory distress syndrome.{48043} Phosphatidylglycerols (egg) is a mixture of phosphatidylglycerols isolated from egg with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25846 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylglycerol is a naturally occurring anionic phospholipid and a constituent of plant, animal, and bacterial cell membranes.{48042,48043} It is less abundant than phosphatidylethanolamine (Item Nos. 16878 | 24332) in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and phosphatidylcholine (Item Nos. 24343 | 24370) in eukaryotes. It is formed via a reaction between CDP-diglyceride with L-α-glycerol 3-phosphate followed by dephosphorylation and is a metabolic precursor of cardiolipin.{48042} Phosphatidylglycerol species containing polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acyl chains inhibit and promote proliferation of murine keratinocytes, respectively.{48044} Phosphatidylglycerol is the second largest lipid component of mammalian lung surfactant, comprising 10% of the lipids, and levels are decreased in the lung surfactant of infants with respiratory distress syndrome.{48043} Phosphatidylglycerols (egg) is a mixture of phosphatidylglycerols isolated from egg with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
Brand:CaymanSKU:25846 - 500 mgAvailable on backorder
Phosphatidylinositols are glycerophospholipids that contain a glycerol backbone, two non-polar fatty acid tails, and a polar inositol head group.{43000,43001} They are synthesized from cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CPD-DAG) and myoinositol by phosphoinositol synthase and represent approximately 10% of total cellular phospholipids. Phosphatidylinositols can be phosphorylated on their inositol rings to produce phosphoinositides, which have been implicated in calcium regulation, vesicle trafficking, mitogenesis, cell survival, and rearrangement of actin. Phosphatidylinositols (soy) is a mixture of phosphatidylinositols isolated from soy that have variable fatty acyl chain lengths with linoleoyl being the most prevelant. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1336]
Brand:CaymanSKU:24523 - 50 mgAvailable on backorder