Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) converts the COX product PGH2 (Item No. 17020) into the biologically active PGE2 (Item No. 14010).{7229} Like COX-2, the expression of mPGES-1 is induced in response to pro-inflammatory mediators, including LPS, IL-1β, and TNF-α.{11537} AF3485 is a selective 3-aminocarbazole inhibitor of mPGES-1, blocking the synthesis of PGE2 but not PGF2α (Item No. 16010) in A549 cells stimulated with IL-1β (IC50s = 2.9 and >100 µM, respectively).{27227} It reduces inflammatory pain (acetic acid-induced writhing) in mice by 74% when given intraperitoneally at 10 mg/kg.{27227} AF3485 is absorbed through enterocytes, is metabolically stable in human and rat microsome preparations, and is bioavailable in vivo.{27227}
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A selective inhibitor of mPGES-1, blocking the synthesis of PGE2 but not PGF2α in A549 cells stimulated with IL-1β (IC50s = 2.9 and >100 µM, respectively); absorbed through enterocytes, metabolically stable in human and rat microsome preparations, and bioavailable in vivo
Formal name: N-[9-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9H-carbazol-3-yl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)-benzamide
Synonyms: CAY10686
Molecular weight: 398.4
CAS: 1195786-61-8
Purity: ≥95%
Formulation: A crystalline solid
The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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The maintenance of embryonic stem cells in culture typically requires feeder cells and various exogenous factors found in serum. Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells can be maintained in the absence of feeder cells and serum but require the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to prevent differentiation and promote self-renewal. SC-1 is a small molecule activator of stem cell renewal that allows the propagation of OG2 mES cells for at least 10 passages in an undifferentiated state.{14533} The activity of SC-1 is mediated by the combined inhibition of RasGAP and ERK1 with Kd values of 98 and 212 nM, respectively.{14533} Inhibition of RasGAP increases Ras signaling via the PI3-kinase pathway which promotes self-renewal, whereas inhibition of ERK blocks differentiation.
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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The maintenance of embryonic stem cells in culture typically requires feeder cells and various exogenous factors found in serum. Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells can be maintained in the absence of feeder cells and serum but require the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to prevent differentiation and promote self-renewal. SC-1 is a small molecule activator of stem cell renewal that allows the propagation of OG2 mES cells for at least 10 passages in an undifferentiated state.{14533} The activity of SC-1 is mediated by the combined inhibition of RasGAP and ERK1 with Kd values of 98 and 212 nM, respectively.{14533} Inhibition of RasGAP increases Ras signaling via the PI3-kinase pathway which promotes self-renewal, whereas inhibition of ERK blocks differentiation.
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