Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density.{15370} This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production.{13434} Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. Autoinducers containing a phenylacetanoyl group in the acyl chain display a wide range of inhibitory and activating effects on various R protein transcriptional regulators.{26043,26044,15550} N-phenylacetyl-L-Homoserine lactone is a small diffusible signaling molecule involved in quorum sensing in the model symbiont V. fischeri and the pathogens A. tumefaciens and P. aeruginosa.{15550,26045} It has been reported to antagonize TraR signaling in A. tumefaciens, LasR signaling in E. coli, and LuxR signaling in V. fischeri.{26044}
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A small diffusible signaling molecule involved in quorum sensing in the model symbiont V. fischeri and the pathogens A. tumefaciens and P. aeruginosa
Formal name: N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-benzeneacetamide
Synonyms: C8-HSL
Molecular weight: 219.2
CAS: 55154-48-8
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A crystalline solid
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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