Safranal is a monoterpenoid that has been found in C. sativus and has diverse biological activities, including microtubule polymerization inhibitory, cancer cell growth inhibitory, and antioxidant properties.{61077,61078,61079,61080} It decreases microtubule polymerization in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 72.19 µM) and inhibits the growth of HeLa cells (IC50 = 95 µM).{61077,61078} Safranal (145.5, 363.75, and 727.5 mg/kg) reduces the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus in a rat model of global cerebral ischemia.{61079} It also reduces convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (Item No. 18682) in mice.{61080}
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A monoterpenoid with microtubule polymerization inhibitory (IC50 = 72.19 µM), cancer cell growth inhibitory (IC50 = 95 µM for HeLa cells), and antioxidant properties; reduces TBARS and MDA levels in the hippocampus in a rat model of global cerebral ischemia at 145.5, 363.75, and 727.5 mg/kg
Formal name: 2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde
Synonyms:
Molecular weight: 150.2
CAS: 116-26-7
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A neat oil
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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