(±)9(10)-DiHOME is the diol form of (±)9(10)-EpOME (Item No. 52400), a cytochrome P450-derived epoxide of linoleic acid (Item Nos. 90150 | 90150.1 | 21909) also known as leukotoxin.{8529} It is formed from 9(10)-EpOME by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in neutrophils.{17057} It is toxic to Sf21 cells expressing sEH and to lacZ-expressing control cells, unlike leukotoxin, which is only toxic to cells containing sEH.{8529,17057} A mixture of 9(10)- and 12(13)-DiHOME induces cell death in rabbit renal proximal tubule cells concomitant with mitochondrial respiration dysfunction and induces lung injury, respiratory distress, and mortality in mice.{15651,5617} 9(10)-DiHOME is a toxic lipid mediator involved in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a common and often fatal complication in severe burn victims.{17057,15651} Levels of 9(10)-DiHOME are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from women, but not men, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).{42554} BALF levels are also increased in patients with allergic asthma following allergen exposure compared to patients without allergic asthma.{49189} It has been used as a plasma biomarker for sEH activity in vivo.{42555} (±)9(10)-DiHOME MaxSpec® standard is a quantitative grade standard of (±)9(10)-DiHOME (Item No. 53400) that has been prepared specifically for mass spectrometry and related applications where quantitative reproducibility is required. The solution has been prepared gravimetrically and is supplied in a deactivated glass ampule sealed under argon. The concentration was verified by comparison to an independently prepared calibration standard. This (±)9(10)-DiHOME MaxSpec® standard is guaranteed to meet identity, purity, stability, and concentration specifications and is provided with a batch-specific certificate of analysis. Ongoing stability testing is performed to ensure the concentration remains accurate throughout the shelf life of the product. Note: The amount of solution added to the vial is in excess of the listed amount. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately measure volumes for preparation of calibration standards. Follow recommended storage and handling conditions to maintain product quality.
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A quantitative analytical standard guaranteed to meet MaxSpec® identity, purity, stability, and concentration specifications
Formal name: (±)9,10-dihydroxy-12Z-octadecenoic acid
Synonyms: Leukotoxin diol
Molecular weight: 314.5
CAS: 263399-34-4
Purity: ≥95%
Formulation: A solution in methyl acetate at 100 µg/ml
The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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