Brinzolamide-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of brinzolamide (Item No. 11660) by GC- or LC-MS. Brinzolamide is a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) and CAIV (IC50s = 3.19 and 45.3 nM, respectively).{53202} It is selective for CAII and CAIV over CAI (IC50 = ~1,365 nM). Brinzolamide (30 mg/kg) reduces intestinal charcoal meal progression by 44% and prolongs pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep time by 35% in mice. Topical administration of brinzolamide (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/eye) reduces intraocular pressure in a rabbit model of spontaneous ocular hypertension. It also reduces intraocular pressure in a cynomolgus monkey model of argon laser trabeculoplasty-induced ocular hypertension. Formulations containing brinzolamide have been used in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
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An internal standard for the quantification of brinzolamide by GC- or LC-MS
Formal name: (4R)-4-(ethyl-1,1,2,2,2-d5-amino)-3,4-dihydro-2-(3-methoxypropyl)-2H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2-thiazine-6-sulfonamide, 1,1-dioxide
Synonyms:
Molecular weight: 388.5
CAS: 1217651-02-9
Purity: ≥99% deuterated forms (d1-d5)
Formulation: A solid
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in immunity and inflammation, cellular stress responses, growth, and apoptosis. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic trans-stilbene, is a known inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB and exhibits activity against a wide variety of cancer cells. CAY10512 is a substituted trans-stilbene analog of resveratrol that is 100-fold more potent as measured by antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB by CAY10512 is 0.15 µM compared to 20 µM by resveratrol.{14545}
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The tetracycline repressor (TetR) is a transcriptional regulator which normally binds tightly to its palindromic tetO operator DNA, blocking gene expression.{17508} Tet causes the repressor to dissociate from the DNA, allowing transcription to occur. A novel reverse TetR (revTetR) requires tetracycline as a co-repressor to bind tetO and block transcription.{17509,17510} Anhydrotetracycline (hydrochloride) is a powerful effector in both the tetracycline repressor (TetR) and reverse TetR (revTetR) systems, binding the Tet repressor 35-fold more strongly than Tet.{17508,17511} Moreover, anhydrotetracycline poorly binds the 30S ribosomal subunit, compared to Tet,{17512} so it does not act as a general inhibitor of translation and is a poor antibiotic. Perhaps related to this, the concentration of anhydrotetracycline that inhibits eukaryotic cell growth is more than a 1,000-fold above the dose that alters transcription through TetR.{17508}
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The PtdIn phosphates play an important role in the generation and transduction of intracellular signals.{8344,4096,14518} PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin is an affinity probe which allows the PIP3 to be detected through an interaction with the biotin ligand. This design allows PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-biotin to serve as a general probe for any protein with a high affinity binding interaction with inositol-(3,4,5)-triphosphate phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN, or PH-domain-containing proteins.
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