Mild oxidation can convert the sulfhydryl group of cysteine residues on proteins to cysteine-sulfenic acid derivatives (Cys-SOH).{20734} Protein sulfenylation, then, is a post-translational modification that is relevant to redox signaling. DYn-2 is a chemoselective probe for detecting sulfenylated proteins in intact cells.{20729} DYn-2 consists of 1,3-cyclohexanedione coupled to an alkyne moiety by a 3-carbon spacer. The cyclohexanedione group selectively reacts with protein sulfenic acid modifications.{20729} The alkyne group of DYn-2 can then be detected using azide-bearing tags by standard click chemistry. This approach offers superior sensitivity relative to using azide-modified probes with alkynyl detection tags.{20733}
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A chemoselective probe for detecting sulfenylated proteins in intact cells using click chemistry
Formal name: 4-(pent-4-yn-1-yl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione
Synonyms: Click Tag™ DYn-2
Molecular weight: 178.2
CAS: 1354630-46-8
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation: A crystalline solid
Application|Click Chemistry||Product Type|Biochemicals||Research Area|Oxidative Stress & Reactive Species|Reactive Sulfur
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are therefore promising targets for cancer therapy. (R)-Roscovitine is a potent inhibitor of Cdk2/cyclin E with an IC50 value of 0.1 µM.{14988} It also inhibits Cdk7/cyclin H, Cdk5/p35, and cell division cycle (cdc)/cyclin B with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.16, and 0.65 µM, respectively.{14987,14988,14991} (R)-Roscovitine inhibits the growth of rapidly proliferating cells with an average IC50 value of 15.2 µM against a panel of 19 human tumor cell lines.{14988} In murine models of polycystic kidney disease, (R)-roscovitine effectively inhibited disease progression at doses of 50-100 mg/kg.{14564}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (DPPC) is a zwitterionic glycerophospholipid commonly used in the formation of lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes for use in a variety of applications.{14480,24261,14478,14479} It has been used in the formation of proteoliposomes for implantation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase into human erythrocyte membranes.{14478} Incorporation of glycosphingolipid antigens into DPPC-containing liposomes increases the immunogenicity of the antigens in mice.{14479}
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The maintenance of embryonic stem cells in culture typically requires feeder cells and various exogenous factors found in serum. Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells can be maintained in the absence of feeder cells and serum but require the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to prevent differentiation and promote self-renewal. SC-1 is a small molecule activator of stem cell renewal that allows the propagation of OG2 mES cells for at least 10 passages in an undifferentiated state.{14533} The activity of SC-1 is mediated by the combined inhibition of RasGAP and ERK1 with Kd values of 98 and 212 nM, respectively.{14533} Inhibition of RasGAP increases Ras signaling via the PI3-kinase pathway which promotes self-renewal, whereas inhibition of ERK blocks differentiation.
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